Episodios

  • Battle of Freeman's Farm: The Opening Clash of Saratoga
    Jun 16 2025

    1777: A grand British plan to crush the American rebellion is set in motion. What could possibly go wrong? Dive into the brutal realities of the American frontier and discover the untold story of the Battle of Freeman's Farm, the first clash of Saratoga.

    This episode explores the First Battle of Saratoga, also known as the Battle of Freeman's Farm, a pivotal moment in the American Revolutionary War. We'll examine:
    The British Strategy: Learn about the audacious plan to sever New England from the other colonies and why it ultimately failed.
    The American Defense: Discover how General Horatio Gates and his forces, including the renowned Morgan's riflemen, strategically defended Bemis Heights.
    The Bloody Farm: Witness the intense, all day long struggle for Freeman's Farm.
    Key Figures: Understand the roles of figures like Lieutenant General John Burgoyne, General Horatio Gates, and Benedict Arnold.
    The Aftermath: Explore the immediate consequences of the battle, including casualties, strategic shifts, and the simmering tensions within the American command.
    Join us to uncover the details of this crucial engagement that set the stage for the American victory at Saratoga!

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    14 m
  • End of the Siege at Fort Stanwix
    Jun 13 2025
    In 1777, the British besieged Fort Stanwix as part of a larger plan to control the Hudson River Valley. American forces, led by Colonel Peter Gansevoort, defended the fort. A relief effort led by Brigadier General Nicholas Herkimer was ambushed at the Battle of Oriskany, but a raid by Willett from the fort caused the British allies to abandon their camps.The siege became a stalemate, with British morale declining due to losses, broken promises, and the slow pace of siege warfare. Meanwhile, Lieutenant Colonel Willett successfully left the fort to seek further aid. General Philip Schuyler then dispatched Major General Benedict Arnold to lead a second relief force.Arnold, upon learning of the fort's precarious situation, devised a deception. He used a captured, eccentric Loyalist named Hon Yost Schuyler to spread exaggerated rumors about the size of his approaching army. This tactic, coupled with Hon Yost's strange charisma and corroborating Oneida messengers, caused panic among the already demoralized Indigenous allies, leading to mass desertions from St. Leger's forces.On August 22, 1777, St. Leger was forced to lift the siege and retreat in disarray, abandoning significant equipment and artillery. Arnold arrived at Fort Stanwix the next day, and though his pursuit was unsuccessful, St. Leger's expedition ultimately failed, unable to achieve its objectives in the Saratoga campaign.Works citedThe Siege of Fort Stanwix - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/fort-stanwixBattle of Oriskany and Siege of Fort Stanwix - Revolutionary War Journal, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/battle-of-oriskany-and-siege-of-fort-stanwix-brutal-civil-war-that-helped-save-a-nation/2>r?H/l3S'73b - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/sara/drr-saratoga-campaign.pdfBritish Begin the Saratoga Campaign - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/saratogaBattles of Saratoga - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_SaratogaSaratoga Campaign 1777 | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/campaigns/1777-saratoga-campaign/SARATOGA - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/handbooks/historical/4-1950.pdfThe Saratoga Campaign | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/saratoga-campaignSaratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaignThe Battle of Fort Stanwix - ArcGIS StoryMaps, accessed April 22, 2025, https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/61487a224f784512acd60dda17ecfb8fThe Impact of the Saratoga Campaign of 1777 Upon the Communities of Upstate New York During the American Revolution, accessed April 22, 2025, https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1022&context=le_etdsEpisode 151 St. Leger Expedition - American Revolution Podcast, accessed April 22, 2025, http://blog.amrevpodcast.com/2020/05/episode-151-st-leger-expedition.htmlFort Stanwix - American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/fort-stanwixFort Stanwix - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_StanwixFoundation Document Overview - Fort Stanwix National Monument - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://www.npshistory.com/publications/foundation-documents/fost-fd-overview.pdfHistory & Culture - Fort Stanwix National Monument (U.S. National Park Service), accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/fost/learn/historyculture/index.htmFort Stanwix National Monument - The Past, accessed April 22, 2025, https://the-past.com/review/museum/fort-stanwix-national-monument/Cycle the Erie: At Fort Stanwix, Rome, Time Travel Back to America's Colonial, Native American Past | Going Places, Far & Near, accessed April 22, 2025, https://goingplacesfarandnear.com/cycle-the-erie-at-fort-stanwix-rome-time-travel-back-to-americas-colonial-native-american-past/The Story Behind the “Story of the Fort That Never Surrendered ..., accessed April 22, 2025, https://researchingtheamericanrevolution.com/2024/12/27/the-story-behind-the-story-of-the-fort-that-never-surrendered/Siege of Fort Stanwix - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_StanwixThe Battle at Oriskany - Oneida Nation, accessed April 22, 2025, https://oneida-nsn.gov/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/12.1-09.08.10-The-Battle-at-Oriskany.pdfPark Archives: Fort Stanwix National Monument - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, https://npshistory.com/publications/fost/index.htmFORT STANWIX - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/fost/cmh-hfs-hsr.pdfFort Stanwix - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, https://npshistory.com/publications/fost/brochures/1979.pdfPeter Gansevoort (U.S. National Park Service), accessed April 22, ...
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    12 m
  • Battle of Oriskany
    May 30 2025
    The Battle of Oriskany, fought on August 6, 1777, was a bloody and pivotal battle of the American Revolutionary War. It occurred in the Mohawk Valley of New York. American militiamen and their Oneida allies were ambushed by British forces, Loyalists, and other Iroquois nations. The battle was characterized by intense, close-quarters fighting and high casualties on both sides. While not a clear tactical victory for either side, it had significant strategic consequences, contributing to the failure of the British campaign in the region and ultimately aiding the American victory at Saratoga. It also tragically marked a significant moment of division within the Iroquois Confederacy.Works citedHistory & Culture - Fort Stanwix National Monument (U.S. National Park Service), accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/fost/learn/historyculture/index.htmBattle of Oriskany | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-of-oriskany/The Battle of Oriskany: "Blood Shed a Stream Running Down" (Teaching with Historic Places) - National Park Service, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/the-battle-of-oriskany-blood-shed-a-stream-running-down-teaching-with-historic-places.htmNicholas Herkimer (HER-kuh-mer) - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Herkimer (HER-kuh-mer)Battle of Oriskany | Revolutionary War, Mohawk Valley, Patriot Victory - Britannica, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-OriskanyBattle of Oriskany and Siege of Fort Stanwix - Revolutionary War Journal, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/battle-of-oriskany-and-siege-of-fort-stanwix-brutal-civil-war-that-helped-save-a-nation/The Battle of Oriskany: A Civil War in New York - TheCollector, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.thecollector.com/battle-oriskany-american-revolution/Battle of Oriskany Creek | EBSCO Research Starters, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/military-history-and-science/battle-oriskany-creekBattles of Saratoga - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_SaratogaSaratoga Campaign 1777 | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/campaigns/1777-saratoga-campaign/Saratoga Campaign - World History Encyclopedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2384/saratoga-campaign/Oriskany | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/oriskanyBritish Begin the Saratoga Campaign - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/saratogaSaratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaign2>r?H/l3S'73b - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/sara/drr-saratoga-campaign.pdfThe Siege of Fort Stanwix - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/fort-stanwixEpisode 151 St. Leger Expedition - American Revolution Podcast, accessed April 22, 2025, http://blog.amrevpodcast.com/2020/05/episode-151-st-leger-expedition.htmlFort Stanwix | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/fort-stanwixSiege of Fort Stanwix - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_StanwixThe Story Behind the “Story of the Fort That Never Surrendered” - Researching the American Revolution, accessed April 22, 2025, https://researchingtheamericanrevolution.com/2024/12/27/the-story-behind-the-story-of-the-fort-that-never-surrendered/The Oriskany Battle of Oneida Hanyery and Mohawk Joseph Brant, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.oneidaindiannation.com/the-oriskany-battle-of-oneida-hanyery-and-mohawk-joseph-brant/Oriskany Battlefield State Historic Site, accessed April 22, 2025, https://parks.ny.gov/historic-sites/oriskanybattlefield/details.aspxBattle of Oriskany - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_OriskanySiege of Fort Stanwix - American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-fort-stanwix/Siege 1777: The British Allied Forces - National Park Service, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/fost/blogs/siege-1777-the-british-allied-forces.htmSiege 1777: The British Allied Forces - Fort Stanwix National ..., accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/fost/blogs/siege-1777-the-british-allied-forces.htm?fbclid=IwAR3ckmxgJMed1YZmF2SfjkjAZGUeYnrrDi5Wp2gRoRCUQGjdysh9ZN-fkRQThe Battle at Oriska - National Park Service, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/the-battle-at-oriska.htmNicholas Herkimer (HER-kuh-mer) | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/nicholas-Herkimer (HER-kuh-mer)The Aftermath of the Battle of Oriskany — ...
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    17 m
  • The Siege Fort Stanwix Begins
    May 16 2025
    In 1777, the British planned to isolate New England by controlling New York's Hudson River Valley. This involved a three-pronged attack converging on Albany. Lieutenant Colonel Barry St. Leger was to lead a western expedition through the Mohawk Valley, a crucial area for agriculture, trade, and the Iroquois Confederacy.Fort Stanwix, an abandoned British fort, became strategically vital as it guarded the Oneida Carrying Place, connecting the Mohawk River to Lake Ontario. The Americans, recognizing the threat, sent Colonel Peter Gansevoort to rebuild and garrison the fort with about 550-600 men. They worked to repair the fort's defenses under harassment from enemy parties and pressure from the impending British advance.St. Leger's force, numbering 1600-1900 men, was a diverse group of British regulars, Loyalists, Canadian militia, and Iroquois warriors from the Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, and Onondaga nations. However, the Oneida and Tuscarora nations sided with the Americans, causing a split within the Iroquois Confederacy. This division created weaknesses within St. Leger's coalition.Upon arriving at Fort Stanwix, St. Leger attempted to intimidate the Americans into surrendering, but Colonel Gansevoort refused. St. Leger's bombardment proved ineffective due to inadequate artillery. The initial days of the siege saw minor skirmishes. St. Leger's miscalculation regarding the fort's condition and the garrison's resolve hindered the British efforts.Works citedThe Siege of Fort Stanwix - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/fort-stanwixBattle of Oriskany and Siege of Fort Stanwix - Revolutionary War Journal, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/battle-of-oriskany-and-siege-of-fort-stanwix-brutal-civil-war-that-helped-save-a-nation/2>r?H/l3S'73b - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/sara/drr-saratoga-campaign.pdfBritish Begin the Saratoga Campaign - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/saratogaBattles of Saratoga - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_SaratogaSaratoga Campaign 1777 | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/campaigns/1777-saratoga-campaign/SARATOGA - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/handbooks/historical/4-1950.pdfThe Saratoga Campaign | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/saratoga-campaignSaratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaignThe Battle of Fort Stanwix - ArcGIS StoryMaps, accessed April 22, 2025, https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/61487a224f784512acd60dda17ecfb8fThe Impact of the Saratoga Campaign of 1777 Upon the Communities of Upstate New York During the American Revolution, accessed April 22, 2025, https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1022&context=le_etdsEpisode 151 St. Leger Expedition - American Revolution Podcast, accessed April 22, 2025, http://blog.amrevpodcast.com/2020/05/episode-151-st-leger-expedition.htmlFort Stanwix - American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/fort-stanwixFort Stanwix - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_StanwixFoundation Document Overview - Fort Stanwix National Monument - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://www.npshistory.com/publications/foundation-documents/fost-fd-overview.pdfHistory & Culture - Fort Stanwix National Monument (U.S. National Park Service), accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/fost/learn/historyculture/index.htmFort Stanwix National Monument - The Past, accessed April 22, 2025, https://the-past.com/review/museum/fort-stanwix-national-monument/Cycle the Erie: At Fort Stanwix, Rome, Time Travel Back to America's Colonial, Native American Past | Going Places, Far & Near, accessed April 22, 2025, https://goingplacesfarandnear.com/cycle-the-erie-at-fort-stanwix-rome-time-travel-back-to-americas-colonial-native-american-past/The Story Behind the “Story of the Fort That Never Surrendered ..., accessed April 22, 2025, https://researchingtheamericanrevolution.com/2024/12/27/the-story-behind-the-story-of-the-fort-that-never-surrendered/Siege of Fort Stanwix - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_StanwixThe Battle at Oriskany - Oneida Nation, accessed April 22, 2025, https://oneida-nsn.gov/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/12.1-09.08.10-The-Battle-at-Oriskany.pdfPark Archives: Fort Stanwix National Monument - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, https://npshistory.com/publications/fost/index.htmFORT STANWIX - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/fost/cmh-hfs-hsr.pdfFort Stanwix - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, https://npshistory.com/publications/fost/brochures/1979.pdfPeter ...
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    12 m
  • Battle of Bennington
    May 2 2025
    In the summer of 1777, British General Burgoyne launched a campaign to sever New England from the American colonies. Seeking supplies at Bennington, Vermont, he sent Lieutenant Colonel Baum with a mixed force. However, contrary to Burgoyne's expectations, a large militia led by General Stark was waiting. The Battle of Bennington ensued, resulting in a decisive American victory, where the Americans captured weapons and supplies. This battle significantly weakened Burgoyne's army, impacting his campaign and boosting American morale.Thanks to Google Gemini for helping research the subject matter and generating the illustrations used in this video.Works citedBattle of Oriskany and Siege of Fort Stanwix - Revolutionary War Journal, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/battle-of-oriskany-and-siege-of-fort-stanwix-brutal-civil-war-that-helped-save-a-nation/Saratoga Campaign 1777 | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/campaigns/1777-saratoga-campaign/2>r?H/l3S'73b - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/sara/drr-saratoga-campaign.pdfBritish Begin the Saratoga Campaign - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/saratogaBattles of Saratoga - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_SaratogaBennington | Aug 16, 1777 | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/maps/bennington-aug-16-1777Bennington Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/benningtonBattle of Bennington - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_BenningtonBattle of Bennington (1777) | Location, Description, & Casualties ..., accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Bennington-1777Battle of Bennington | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/battle-of-benningtonBattle of Bennington - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.bobfarley.us/1777freedomsgateway/1777patriottrail/Battle%20of%20Bennington%20-%20Wikipedia.pdfJohn Burgoyne | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/john-burgoyneAttacks by Patriot irregulars doomed John Burgoyne's invading British army, accessed April 22, 2025, https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/attacks-by-patriot-irregulars-doomed-john-burgoynes-invading-british-army/Battle Timeline | Battles of Saratoga 250 - America's Turning Point, accessed April 22, 2025, https://saratoga250.com/discover/timeline-battles-saratoga/Baum Site 2: To the Bridge - Lakes to Locks Passage, accessed April 22, 2025, https://passageport.org/journey/road-to-the-battle-of-bennington/baum-site-2-to-the-bridge/The Battle of Bennington: An American Victory (Teaching with ..., accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/the-battle-of-bennington-an-american-victory-teaching-with-historic-places.htmEpisode 151 St. Leger Expedition - American Revolution Podcast, accessed April 22, 2025, http://blog.amrevpodcast.com/2020/05/episode-151-st-leger-expedition.htmlSaratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaignFort Stanwix - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, https://npshistory.com/publications/fost/brochures/1979.pdfThe Siege of Fort Stanwix - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/fort-stanwixThe Battle of Fort Stanwix - ArcGIS StoryMaps, accessed April 22, 2025, https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/61487a224f784512acd60dda17ecfb8fSaratoga Campaign - World History Encyclopedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2384/saratoga-campaign/SARATOGA - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/handbooks/historical/4-1950.pdfJim Dick Saratoga: The Turning Point of the American Revolution - The Saber and Scroll Journal, accessed April 22, 2025, https://saberandscroll.scholasticahq.com/article/28462-saratoga-the-turning-point-of-the-american-revolution/attachment/71814.pdfVisit Bennington Battlefield, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/visit/battlefields/bennington-battlefieldThe Saratoga Campaign | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/saratoga-campaignFORT STANWIX - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/fost/cmh-hfs-hsr.pdfThe Story Behind the “Story of the Fort That Never Surrendered ..., accessed April 22, 2025, https://researchingtheamericanrevolution.com/2024/12/27/the-story-behind-the-story-of-the-fort-that-never-surrendered/Foundation Document Overview - Fort Stanwix National Monument - NPS History, accessed April...
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    15 m
  • Battle of Fort Ann
    Apr 21 2025

    This episode details the events surrounding the Battle of Fort Ann during the American Revolutionary War. It describes the British pursuit of American forces after the evacuation of Fort Ticonderoga, leading to a confrontation at Fort Ann. Despite being outnumbered, the British held their ground until a ruse led to the American retreat. While the British technically won the battle, the American actions, including the battle itself and subsequent road obstructions, significantly delayed Burgoyne's army, impacting the overall Saratoga campaign. The episode also discusses the strategic importance of this delay, allowing American forces to regroup and prepare for further engagements.

    Thanks to Google Gemini for helping research the subject matter and generating the illustrations used in this video.

    Works cited
    British Begin the Saratoga Campaign - Americana Corner, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/saratoga
    Saratoga Campaign - World History Encyclopedia, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2384/saratoga-campaign/
    Burgoyne's Campaign: June-October 1777 - National Park Service, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/burgoyne-s-campaign-june-october-1777.htm
    Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777) | Description & Significance | Britannica, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.britannica.com/event/Siege-of-Fort-Ticonderoga
    The Fall of Fort Ticonderoga in July 1777 - New York Almanack, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.newyorkalmanack.com/2023/07/the-fall-of-fort-ticonderoga-in-july-1777/
    Battle of Fort Anne | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 8, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-fort-anne/
    The American Revolution and the Battle of Fort Ann, accessed April 8, 2025, http://www.clankerr.org/the-american-revolution-and-the-battle-of-fort-ann.html
    Battle of Fort Anne - Wikipedia, accessed April 8, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Anne
    Fort Ann Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-ann
    Battle of Fort Ann | Fort Ann, NY 12827 - ILoveNY.com, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.iloveny.com/listing/battle-of-fort-ann/31287/
    Fort Anne: Remembering the Continental Army's First Stand Against ..., accessed April 8, 2025, https://allthingsliberty.com/2017/03/fort-anne-remembering-continental-armys-first-stand-burgoyne/
    Battles of Saratoga - Wikipedia, accessed April 8, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_Saratoga
    Saratoga Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/saratoga
    Historic Saratoga | EBSCO Research Starters, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/history/historic-saratoga
    John Burgoyne: Campaign to Saratoga - Warfare History Network, accessed April 8, 2025, https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/john-burgoyne-campaign-to-saratoga/
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    Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777) - Wikipedia, accessed April 8, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_Ticonderoga_(1777)
    Staff Ride Handbook for the Saratoga Campaign, 13 June to 8 November 1777 - Army University Press, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.armyupress.army.mil/portals/7/educational-services/staff-rides/staff-ride-handbook-saratoga-campaign.pdf
    Fort Ticonderoga (1777) Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-ticonderoga-1777
    Episode 145 Retreat from Ticonderoga - American Revolution Podcast, accessed April 8, 2025, http://blog.amrevpodcast.com/2020/04/episode-145-retreat-from-ticonderoga.html
    Battle of Hubbardton | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 8, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-of-hubbardton/
    Fort Anne and Battle Hill - M.A. Kleen, accessed April 8, 2025, https://michaelkleen.com/2020/06/03/fort-anne-battlefield/
    www.battlefields.org, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/maps/fort-ann-july-8-1777#:~:text=The%20Battle%20of%20Fort%20Ann,pressure%20on%20the%20British%20flanks.
    American Battlefield Trust wants to save Fort Ann battlefield acreage, accessed April 8, 2025, https://fortannhistory.org/american-battlefield-trust-wants-to-save-fort-ann-battlefield-acreage/
    Fort Ann | Jul 8, 1777 - American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/maps/fort-ann-july-8-1777

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    12 m
  • Battle of Hubbardton
    Apr 12 2025
    In 1777, British forces aimed to control key waterways to divide the American colonies. After the Americans abandoned Fort Ticonderoga, a rear guard action unfolded at Hubbardton, Vermont. The battle saw intense fighting between American and British/German troops. Though the Americans suffered losses and ultimately retreated, their delay of the British advance allowed the main Continental Army to escape and regroup, making it a strategic, albeit costly, victory for the American cause.Thanks to Google Gemini for helping research the subject matter and generating the illustrations used in this video.Works citedBurgoyne's Campaign: June-October 1777 (U.S. National Park ..., accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/burgoyne-s-campaign-june-october-1777.htmwww.nps.gov, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/burgoyne-s-campaign-june-october-1777.htm#:~:text=This%20plan%20became%20known%20to,along%20the%20Hudson%20to%20Albany.John Burgoyne | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/john-burgoyneSaratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed April 1, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaignThe Saratoga Campaign | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/saratoga-campaignGeneral Howe and General Burgoyne's Two-Pronged Attack in 1777 - Warfare History Network, accessed April 1, 2025, https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/general-howe-and-general-burgoynes-two-pronged-attack-in-1777/1777 Campaign - ArcGIS StoryMaps, accessed April 1, 2025, https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f7c98d3a72334fb89cb0c02285ba1a22Saratoga Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/saratogaRevolutionary War - Timeline, Facts & Battles | HISTORY, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/american-revolution-historyFort Ticonderoga (1777) Battle Facts and Summary | American ..., accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-ticonderoga-1777Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777) | Description & Significance ..., accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.britannica.com/event/Siege-of-Fort-TiconderogaBattle of Hubbardton: A Desperate Affair - Revolutionary War Journal, accessed April 1, 2025, https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/battle-of-hubbardton-july-7-1777/Battle of Hubbardton - Wikipedia, accessed April 1, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_HubbardtonTi's Evacuation and the Battle of Hubbardton - Journal of the ..., accessed April 1, 2025, https://allthingsliberty.com/2014/07/tis-evacuation-and-the-battle-of-hubbardton/Hubbardton Battlefield | State Historic Sites, accessed April 1, 2025, https://historicsites.vermont.gov/hubbardton-battlefieldRevolutionary weekend at Hubbardton battlefield | Vermont Business Magazine, accessed April 1, 2025, https://vermontbiz.com/news/2017/july/04/revolutionary-weekend-hubbardton-battlefieldBattle of Hubbardton: A Turning Point in the American Revolution - mister history, accessed April 1, 2025, https://mister-history.com/index.php/2023/11/26/battle-of-hubbardton-a-turning-point-in-the-american-revolution-2/Battle of Hubbardton | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 1, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-of-hubbardton/Battle of Hubbardton - British Battles, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.britishbattles.com/war-of-the-revolution-1775-to-1783/battle-of-hubbardton/Battle of Hubbardton Historical Marker, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=74470Hubbardton Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/hubbardtonrevolutionarywar.us, accessed April 1, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-of-hubbardton/#:~:text=Facts%20about%20the%20Battle%20of%20Hubbardton&text=Baron%20Friedrich%20A.,60%20killed%20and%20138%20wounded.Hubbardton Battlefield Research - Vermont State Historic Sites, accessed April 1, 2025, http://historicsites.vermont.gov/hubbardton-battlefield/researchvermonthistory.org, accessed April 1, 2025, https://vermonthistory.org/journal/misc/BattleOfHubbardton.pdfThe Battle of Hubbardton Vermont: A Crucial Chapter in the ..., accessed April 1, 2025, https://vermontmaturity.com/vermont-history/the-battle-of-hubbardton-vermont-a-crucial-chapter-in-the-revolutionary-war/vermontmaturity.com, accessed April 1, 2025, https://vermontmaturity.com/vermont-history/the-battle-of-hubbardton-vermont-a-crucial-chapter-in-the-revolutionary-war/#:~:text=While%20the%20Battle%20of%20Hubbardton,stronger%20defensive%20line%20further%20south.October 17, 1777 British Surrender at Saratoga: Turning Point of the American Revolutionary War - Constituting America, accessed April 1, 2025,
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  • Fall of Fort Ticonderoga
    Apr 4 2025
    In 1777, British General Burgoyne led an army south from Canada aiming to capture Fort Ticonderoga, a strategically vital location. Despite its reputation as the "Gibraltar of the North," the fort had fallen into disrepair and the American defenses were inadequate. The British discovered Sugar Loaf Hill, a commanding height overlooking the fort, which the Americans had failed to defend. By placing artillery on this hill, the British made the fort indefensible. American General St. Clair, recognizing the futility of resistance, ordered a retreat, and the British captured Fort Ticonderoga without a major battle.Works citedFort Ticonderoga (1777) Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-ticonderoga-1777Fort Ticonderoga, The Last Campaigns - Lender - Westholme Publishing, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.westholmepublishing.com/book/fort-ticonderoga-the-last-campaigns-lender/Fort Ticonderoga (1775) Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-ticonderoga-17757 Revolutionary War Site Facts - Fort Ticonderoga, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.fortticonderoga.org/travelerstips/fort-ticonderoga-7-revolutionary-war-site-facts/Fort Ticonderoga - Wikipedia, accessed March 25, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_TiconderogaBattle of Fort Ticonderoga, 1775 | EBSCO Research Starters, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/military-history-and-science/battle-fort-ticonderoga-1775Fort Ticonderoga | American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/fort-ticonderogaSaratoga Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/saratogaBritish Begin the Saratoga Campaign - Americana Corner, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/saratogaSaratoga Campaign 1777 | American Revolutionary War, accessed March 25, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/campaigns/1777-saratoga-campaign/Saratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed March 25, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaignBattle of Saratoga, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.saratoga.org/battle-of-saratoga/Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777) - Wikipedia, accessed March 25, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_Ticonderoga_(1777)Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777) | Description & Significance - Britannica, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.britannica.com/event/Siege-of-Fort-TiconderogaThe Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777) - American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/siege-fort-ticonderoga-1777John Burgoyne | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/john-burgoyneNational Affairs: CAMPAIGN OF 1777 | TIME, accessed March 25, 2025, https://time.com/archive/6824857/national-affairs-campaign-of-1777/en.wikipedia.org, accessed March 25, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_St._Clair#:~:text=In%20April%201777%2C%20St.,siege%20on%20July%205%2C%201777.Arthur St. Clair - Wikipedia, accessed March 25, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_St._ClairArthur St. Clair | American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/arthur-st-clairWhy St. Clair?, accessed March 25, 2025, https://discoverstclair.com/traveling-the-backroads/why-st-clair/Battle of Fort Ticonderoga 1777, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.britishbattles.com/war-of-the-revolution-1775-to-1783/battle-of-ticonderoga-1777/Battle of Fort Ticonderago (Second) - American Revolutionary War, accessed March 25, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-fort-ticonderago-second/Fort Ticonderoga Falls to British - Americana Corner, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/british-capture-fort-ticonderogaArthur St. Clair's Decision to Abandon Fort Ticonderoga and Mount Independence, accessed March 25, 2025, https://allthingsliberty.com/2016/05/arthur-st-clairs-decision-to-abandon-fort-ticonderoga-and-mount-independence/The Fall of Fort Ticonderoga in July 1777 - New York Almanack, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.newyorkalmanack.com/2023/07/the-fall-of-fort-ticonderoga-in-july-1777/Fort Ticonderoga: Americans Abandoned The Gibraltar of the North Without a Fight, accessed March 25, 2025, https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/fort-ticonderoga-americans-abandoned-the-gibraltar-of-the-north-without-a-fight/Battle Timeline | Battles of Saratoga 250 - America's Turning Point, accessed March 25, 2025, https://saratoga250.com/discover/timeline-battles-saratoga/en.wikipedia.org, accessed March 25, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_Ticonderoga_(1777)#:~:text=The%20uncontested%...
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