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Scaffolds

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We release weekly episodes relevant to apple growers for twenty weeks from Late March to Mid August. Dr. Monique Rivera covers entomology pest management topics. Dr. Kerik Cox covers disease forecasting and apple pathology. Dr. Anna Wallis presents a weekly "state of the state" update including degree days, phenology, and insect pest captures. Hosts: Monique Rivera, Kerik Cox, Anna Wallis Post-Production: Monique Rivera, Kelsey Tobin Executive Producer: Monique Rivera Graphic Design: Iron Design Music: Sebastian RobertsonScaffolds Ciencia Historia Natural Naturaleza y Ecología
Episodios
  • 12 May 2026 - Timing Considerations for the Season, Scab & Fire Blight updates

    12 May 2026 - Timing Considerations for the Season, Scab & Fire Blight updates
    May 12 2026
    Petal Fall Meeting ScheduleWestern NY: Post-Bloom Insect & Disease Management, Freeze Events Info, and Thinning Recommendations WebinarWednesday, May 13, 4-5:30 PMhttps://cornell.zoom.us/j/93057550896?pwd=u2RBsT8jNARGMcOuW69fKRwyBObKPq.1&from=addonCapital Region: Saratoga/Mohawk Valley Petal Fall WebinarThursday, May 14, 4-5:30 PMhttps://cornell.zoom.us/j/98474224521?pwd=cla7pvnKFc32wypoaR0AMyVCwsDTR8.1Southern Hudson Valley: Ulster County In-Person Thinning MeetingFriday, May 15, 3-5pmWeed Orchards Farm Winery & Café 43 Mt. Zion Rd. Milton, New YorkNorthern Hudson Valley: Columbia County In-Person Thinning MeetingTuesday, May 19, 2-4pmCornell Cooperative Extension - Hudson Office CCE Regional Extension Center 479 NY-66 Hudson, New YorkHistorical Phenology and Average Degree Day Accumulation Base 43 (for reference)Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 3-May ± 7 daysFull bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 10-May ± 6 daysPetal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 18-May ± 6 daysPhenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 – 5/11Station || Stage || DD 43F || DD 43 Forecast Through 5/17Geneva (AgriTech North) || Bloom || 510 || 587Highland (HVRL) || Petal Fall || 619 || 719Clifton Park || Bloom || 495 || 580Peru (Forrence) || Pink, King Bloom || 345 || 421Medina (Roberts) - Inland || Bloom || 470 || 541Appleton North - Lake || Bloom || 356 || 422Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || Bloom || 498 || 569Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake || Bloom || 424 || 470*all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.EUpcoming Pest EventsPest/Phenology Event || DD Base 43˚F || Approx. DateSTLM Traps set out || 1-AprPear psylla – egg laying || 84 ± 44 || 33 ± 21 || 4-Apr ± 11 daysRBLR – 1st catch || 144 ± 32 || 60 ± 20 || 17-Apr ± 9 daysRosy apple aphid – 1st nymphs present || 189 ± 55 || 86 ± 30 || 25-Apr ± 7 daysSTLM – 1st adult catch || 168 ± 48 || 73 ± 28 || 20-Apr ± 9 daysSTLM – 1st egg observed || 208 ± 65 || 94 ± 36 || 27-Apr ± 5 days---Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 105 ± 19 || 27-Apr ± 7 daysTarnished plant bug – 1st observed || 222 ± 105 || 105 ± 62 || 25-Apr ± 15 daysOBLR – 1st overwintered larvae observed || 236 ± 78 || 112 ± 48 || 29-Apr ± 7 daysBlack stem borer – 1st adult catch || 283 ± 50 || 137 ± 40 || 6-May ± 3 daysEuropean red mite – egg hatch observed || 284 ± 53 || 134 ± 34 || 6-May ± 4 days---Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 139 ± 21 || 3-May ± 7 daysOFM Traps set out || PinkOriental fruit moth – 1st adult catch || 229* ± 44* || 126 ± 33 || 2-May ± 8 daysRBLR – 1st flight peak || 303 ± 75 || 150 ± 48 || 4-May ± 9 daysSTLM – 1st flight peak || 337 ± 71 || 168 ± 45 || 7-May ± 8 days---Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 192 ± 25 || 10-May ± 6 daysOBLR Overwintered Gen. Sample || BloomCodling Moth Traps set out || BloomPetal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 252 ± 32 || 18-May ± 6 daysLesser appleworm – 1st flight peak || 569 ± 205 || 313 ± 130 || 22-May ± 13 daysPlum curculio – 1st oviposition scars observed || 555 ± 77 || 286 ± 37 || 25-May ± 9 daysPear psylla – hardshell stage observed || 569 ± 87 || 312 ± 51 || 22-May ± 9 daysLesser peachtree borer – 1st adult catch || 570 ± 94 || 308 ± 59 || 24-May ± 8 daysSan Jose scale – 1st flight peak || 644 ± 89 || 355 ± 58 || 29-May ± 8 daysScouting and Monitoring ResourcesVideo: Apple Insect Targets and IPM Practices (including explanations of Degree Day calculations), https://youtu.be/NwyBAcvbpUs NY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring Network Bloghttps://blogs.cornell.edu/treefruitpests/Quick Guide for Apple Insect Pests https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/articles/23290226665751-NEWA-Quick-Guide-for-Apple-Insect-PestsVirtual Orchard Scout Training webinar recording on the Cornell IPM YouTube channelhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtyOWCL1Q2AApple IPM Intensive Workshop playlist https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoNb8lODb49vifrm9Tla4GmAVhlIL0527Northeast Regional Climate Change Monthly Mapshttps://www.nrcc.cornell.edu/regional/monthly/monthly.html
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    40 m
  • 5 May 2026 - Recent Weather Impacts on Pomes & Stones with Win Cowgill, Scab and Fire Blight Updates

    5 May 2026 - Recent Weather Impacts on Pomes & Stones with Win Cowgill, Scab and Fire Blight Updates
    May 5 2026
    Win Cowgill is an emeritus Rutgers Professor who currently owns his own consulting company called Win Enterprises where he consults on horticulture and pomology. And consults from New Jersey up to Maine. Kerik continues to talk about getting through extended/multiple apple scab infection periods, and the lack of fire blight risk in a cold bloom.This week on Scaffolds, I talk to Win Cowgill an emeritus Rutgers professor about what is going on in the north east region with all of the freezes and some options for what to do if you have damage in both apple and peach, Kerik gives us an update on scab and fire blight management strategy, and Anna closes the episode with the state of the state update on phenology, degree days, and trap captures around the state. LInk from Win CowgillMSU Critical Spring Temperatures for Tree Fruit Bud Development Stages https://www.canr.msu.edu/fruit/uploads/files/TreeFruitCriticalTemperatures.pdfHistorical Phenology and Average Degree Day Accumulation Base 43 (for reference)- Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 27-Apr ± 7 days- Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 3-May ± 7 days- Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 10-May ± 6 days- Petal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 18-May ± 6 days Phenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 – 5/4Station || Stage || DD 43F || DD 43 Forecast Through 5/10 ||Geneva (AgriTech North) || Early Bloom || 460 || 476Highland (HVRL) || Petal Fall || 524 || 616Clifton Park || Bloom || 421 || 494Peru (Forrence) || Open Cluster || 284 || 346Medina (Roberts) - Inland || Early Bloom || 420 || 464Appleton North - Lake || Early Bloom || 310 || 346Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || Early Bloom || 447 || 491Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake || Early Bloom || 375 || 404*all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.EUpcoming Pest EventsPest/Phenology Event || DD Base 43˚F || Approx. Date---Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 105 ± 19 || 27-Apr ± 7 daysTarnished plant bug – 1st observed || 222 ± 105 || 105 ± 62 || 25-Apr ± 15 daysOBLR – 1st overwintered larvae observed || 236 ± 78 || 112 ± 48 || 29-Apr ± 7 daysBlack stem borer – 1st adult catch || 283 ± 50 || 137 ± 40 || 6-May ± 3 daysEuropean red mite – egg hatch observed || 284 ± 53 || 134 ± 34 || 6-May ± 4 days---Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 139 ± 21 || 3-May ± 7 daysOFM Traps set out || PinkOriental fruit moth – 1st adult catch || 229* ± 44* || 126 ± 33 || 2-May ± 8 daysRBLR – 1st flight peak || 303 ± 75 || 150 ± 48 || 4-May ± 9 daysSTLM – 1st flight peak || 337 ± 71 || 168 ± 45 || 7-May ± 8 days---Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 192 ± 25 || 10-May ± 6 daysOBLR Overwintered Gen. Sample || BloomCodling Moth Traps set out || BloomCold Temperature and Frost RiskPicture Table of Critical Spring Temperatures for Tree Fruit Bud Development Stages https://www.canr.msu.edu/resources/picture-table-critical-spring-temperatures-for-tree-fruit-bud-development-stages Regional Weather Events page for NEWA weather stations, including a map of freeze events from 2024 and 2025. https://newa.cornell.edu/regional-weather-events/Cornell Statewide Frost Protection webinar held on Friday April 12th recording now available online here: https://youtu.be/TIBEpfb98wsScouting and Monitoring ResourcesNY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring Network Bloghttps://blogs.cornell.edu/treefruitpests/Interested in collaborating and contributing trap capture data? Contact Anna Wallis aew232@cornell.eduQuick Guide for Apple Insect Pests https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/articles/23290226665751-NEWA-Quick-Guide-for-Apple-Insect-PestsVirtual Orchard Scout Training webinar recording on the Cornell IPM YouTube channelhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtyOWCL1Q2A
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    47 m
  • 28 April 2026 - Bees in Orchards with Shianne Lindsay, Scab and Fireblight Updates

    28 April 2026 - Bees in Orchards with Shianne Lindsay, Scab and Fireblight Updates
    Apr 28 2026
    This week on Scaffolds, I talk to Shianne Linsday, a graduate student in Dr Scott McArt’s lab, about our cool weather’s impact on pollinators, Kerik talks about getting through extended/multiple apple scab infection periods, and the lack of fire blight risk in a cold early bloom, and Anna gives us our state of the state update on trap captures and degree day accumulation around the state. State of the State show notesHistorical Phenology and Average Degree Day Accumulation Base 43 (for reference)- Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 27-Apr ± 7 days- Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 3-May ± 7 days- Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 10-May ± 6 days- Petal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 18-May ± 6 days Phenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 – 4/27Station || Stage || DD 43F || DD 43 Forecast Through 5/3 ||Geneva (AgriTech North) || Pink || 404 || 436Highland (HVRL) || Full Bloom || 450 || 502Clifton Park || Pink || 351 || 397Peru (Forrence) || 1/2" Green || 220 || 267Medina (Roberts) - Inland || Early Pink || 368 || 398Appleton North - Lake || Early Pink || 255 || 279Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || Early Pink || 386 || 415Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake || Early Pink || 322 || 342*all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.E Upcoming Pest EventsPest/Phenology Event || DD Base 43˚F || Approx. DateSTLM Traps set out || 1-AprPear psylla – egg laying || 84 ± 44 || 33 ± 21 || 4-Apr ± 11 daysRBLR – 1st catch || 144 ± 32 || 60 ± 20 || 17-Apr ± 9 daysRosy apple aphid – 1st nymphs present || 189 ± 55 || 86 ± 30 || 25-Apr ± 7 daysSTLM – 1st adult catch || 168 ± 48 || 73 ± 28 || 20-Apr ± 9 daysSTLM – 1st egg observed || 208 ± 65 || 94 ± 36 || 27-Apr ± 5 days---Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 105 ± 19 || 27-Apr ± 7 daysTarnished plant bug – 1st observed || 222 ± 105 || 105 ± 62 || 25-Apr ± 15 daysOBLR – 1st overwintered larvae observed || 236 ± 78 || 112 ± 48 || 29-Apr ± 7 daysBlack stem borer – 1st adult catch || 283 ± 50 || 137 ± 40 || 6-May ± 3 daysEuropean red mite – egg hatch observed || 284 ± 53 || 134 ± 34 || 6-May ± 4 days---Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 139 ± 21 || 3-May ± 7 daysOFM Traps set out || PinkOriental fruit moth – 1st adult catch || 229* ± 44* || 126 ± 33 || 2-May ± 8 daysRBLR – 1st flight peak || 303 ± 75 || 150 ± 48 || 4-May ± 9 daysSTLM – 1st flight peak || 337 ± 71 || 168 ± 45 || 7-May ± 8 days---Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 192 ± 25 || 10-May ± 6 daysOBLR Overwintered Gen. Sample || BloomCodling Moth Traps set out || Bloom Cold Temperature and Frost RiskPicture Table of Critical Spring Temperatures for Tree Fruit Bud Development Stages https://www.canr.msu.edu/resources/picture-table-critical-spring-temperatures-for-tree-fruit-bud-development-stages Regional Weather Events page for NEWA weather stations, including a map of freeze events from 2024 and 2025. https://newa.cornell.edu/regional-weather-events/Cornell Statewide Frost Protection webinar held on Friday April 12th recording now available online here: https://youtu.be/TIBEpfb98wsScouting and Monitoring ResourcesVideo: Apple Insect Targets and IPM Practices (including explanations of Degree Day calculations), https://youtu.be/NwyBAcvbpUs NY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring Network Bloghttps://blogs.cornell.edu/treefruitpests/Interested in collaborating and contributing trap capture data? Contact Anna Wallis aew232@cornell.eduQuick Guide for Apple Insect Pests https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/articles/23290226665751-NEWA-Quick-Guide-for-Apple-Insect-PestsVirtual Orchard Scout Training webinar recording on the Cornell IPM YouTube channelhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtyOWCL1Q2AApple IPM Intensive Workshop playlist https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoNb8lODb49vifrm9Tla4GmAVhlIL0527Northeast Regional Climate Change Monthly Mapshttps://www.nrcc.cornell.edu/regional/monthly/monthly.html
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    44 m
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