In the final deep dive, Matteo Bassetti discusses antimicrobial resistance beyond the bedside: translating evidence into policy, the importance of national surveillance, lessons from sepsis and COVID-19, and the future of antibiotic innovation and hospital preparedness.

Timestamps:

01:24 – Translating evidence into policy

02:54 – National surveillance

04:15 – Sepsis and COVID-19

06:18 – Investment shortfalls

08:41 – Antibiotic crisis

10:19 – Looking ahead

In the second deep dive, Matteo Bassetti examines antibiotic stewardship where policy meets practice. He highlights gaps between guidelines and bedside realities, practical interventions for limited-resource settings, and balancing preservation of new antibiotics with effective treatment today.

Timestamps:

01:27 – Guideline gaps

04:40 – Encouraging stewardship

06:23 – Realistic interventions

09:59 – Antibiotic shortages

11:16 – Preserving new drugs

1. In this first deep dive, Bassetti discusses the changing landscape of antimicrobial resistance in hospitals and ICUs, the challenges of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, and the vulnerability of patients who are critically ill and immunocompromised. He explores how diagnosis, empiric therapy, and therapeutic monitoring influence outcomes and resistance.

Timestamps:

01:09 – Antimicrobial resistance trends

04:06 – Tackling sepsis

06:39 – Gram-negative threat

08:15 – Vulnerable populations

10:00 – Diagnosis and empiric therapy

12:14 – Dosing and pharmacokinetics

14:32 – Antibiotic allergies

Matteo Bassetti joins the EMJ Podcast for a rapid-fire discussion on antimicrobial resistance in hospitals. From prescribing pitfalls to early versus precise antibiotic use, he shares insights on howantimicrobial resistance is impacting real-world clinical care.

Drawing on her landmark work in HIV and vaccine research, Glenda Gray shares powerful lessons for tackling AMR in this last deep dive episode. From prevention and behavioural science to protecting high-risk populations, she explains how strategies that transformed HIV outcomes can inform a more effective and equitable AMR response.

Timestamps:
00:00 – Introduction

01:02 – Lessons from HIV

02:47 – Vaccine trials

03:50 – AMR interventions

05:17 – Behavioural science

06:31 – Key takeaways

In this second deep dive, Glenda Gray examines why the global antibiotic pipeline is failing and how access gaps are fuelling resistance. She discusses GARDP's mission-driven research and development model, the neglect of paediatric antibiotics, and how shortages of first-line treatments drive reliance on last-resort drugs, worsening the antimicrobial resistance crisis.

Timestamps:
00:00 – Introduction

00:58 – Antibiotic development

03:05 – GARDP's model

04:15 – Paediatric antibiotics

04:58 – Antibiotic shortages

05:50 – Access gaps

In this first deep dive, Glenda Gray unpacks what antimicrobial resistance means for clinicians beyond infectious diseases, and why it is already a leading cause of death globally. She explores the disproportionate burden in low- and middle-income countries, the devastating impact on neonates and infants, and the critical role of diagnostics, vaccines, and infection prevention.

Timestamps:
00:00 – Introduction

00:45 – What is AMR?

01:32 – Burden on LMICs

02:57 – Impact on infants

04:05 – Diagnostic gaps

05:10 – Comprehensive strategies