Here we have the epic finale of this three-part series - Famagusta will fall, and for the last time two fleets composed primarily of galleys will meet in a major engagement.

Sources:

Anievas, Alexander and Kerem Nişancioğlu. “The Ottoman-Habsburg Rivalry over the Long Sixteenth Century.” How the West Came to Rule: The Geopolitical Origins of Capitalism. Pluto Press.

Bicheno, Hugh. Crescent and Cross: The Battle of Lepanto 1571. Phoenix, 2004.

Brummett, Palmira. “Foreign Policy, Naval Strategy, and the Defence of the Ottoman Empire in the Early Sixteenth Century.” The International History Review, vol. 11, no. 4, Nov 1989, pp. 613 - 627.

Crowley, Roger. Empires of the Sea. Random House, 2008.

Elliott, J. H. Imperial Spain, 1469 - 1716. Penguin, 2002.

Finkel, Caroline. Osman’s Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire. Basic Books, 2005.

Hess, Andrew C. “The Battle of Lepanto and Its Place in Mediterranean History.” Past & Present, no. 57, Nov 1972, pp. 53 - 73.

Hess, Andrew C. “The Evolution of the Ottoman Seaborne Empire in the Age of the Oceanic Discoveries, 1453 - 1525.” The American Historical Review, vol. 75, no. 7, Dec 1970, pp. 1892 - 1919.

Soucek, Svatopluk. “Naval Aspects of the Ottoman Conquests of Rhodes, Cyprus and Crete.” Studia Islamica, no. 98/99, 2004, pp. 219 - 261

Support the Show.

This is Part 2 of our (now) three part series leading up to the Battle of Lepanto.

Sources:

Anievas, Alexander and Kerem Nişancioğlu. “The Ottoman-Habsburg Rivalry over the Long Sixteenth Century.” How the West Came to Rule: The Geopolitical Origins of Capitalism. Pluto Press.

Brummett, Palmira. “Foreign Policy, Naval Strategy, and the Defence of the Ottoman Empire in the Early Sixteenth Century.” The International History Review, vol. 11, no. 4, Nov 1989, pp. 613 - 627.

Crowley, Roger. Empires of the Sea. Random House, 2008.

Finkel, Caroline. Osman’s Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire. Basic Books, 2005.

Goodwin, Jason. Lords of the Horizons: A History of the Ottoman Empire. Henry Holt and Company, 1998.

Hess, Andrew C. “The Battle of Lepanto and Its Place in Mediterranean History.” Past & Present, no. 57, Nov 1972, pp. 53 - 73.

Hess, Andrew C. “The Evolution of the Ottoman Seaborne Empire in the Age of the Oceanic Discoveries, 1453 - 1525.” The American Historical Review, vol. 75, no. 7, Dec 1970, pp. 1892 - 1919.

Libby, Lester J. Venetian Views of the Ottoman Empire from the Peace of 1503 to the War of Cyprus.” The Sixteenth Century Journal, vol. 9, no. 4, Winter 1978, pp. 103 - 126.

Martin, Colin and Geoffrey Parker. The Spanish Armada. Norton, 1988.

Soucek, Svatopluk. “Naval Aspects of the Ottoman Conquests of Rhodes, Cyprus and Crete.” Studia Islamica, no. 98/99, 2004, pp. 219 - 261

Support the Show.

This is part 1 of 2 in our discussion of the naval battle at Lepanto in 1571. Before we can get to Lepanto itself, there's a good bit of background to set up first.

Sources:

Anievas, Alexander and Kerem Nişancioğlu. “The Ottoman-Habsburg Rivalry over the Long Sixteenth Century.” How the West Came to Rule: The Geopolitical Origins of Capitalism. Pluto Press.

Bicheno, Hugh. Crescent and Cross: The Battle of Lepanto 1571. Phoenix, 2004.

Brummett, Palmira. “Foreign Policy, Naval Strategy, and the Defence of the Ottoman Empire in the Early Sixteenth Century.” The International History Review, vol. 11, no. 4, Nov 1989, pp. 613 - 627.

Crowley, Roger. Empires of the Sea. Random House, 2008.

Elliott, J. H. Imperial Spain, 1469 - 1716. Penguin, 2002.

Finkel, Caroline. Osman’s Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire. Basic Books, 2005.

Goodwin, Jason. Lords of the Horizons: A History of the Ottoman Empire. Henry Holt and Company, 1998.

Hess, Andrew C. “The Battle of Lepanto and Its Place in Mediterranean History.” Past & Present, no. 57, Nov 1972, pp. 53 - 73.

Hess, Andrew C. “The Evolution of the Ottoman Seaborne Empire in the Age of the Oceanic Discoveries, 1453 - 1525.” The American Historical Review, vol. 75, no. 7, Dec 1970, pp. 1892 - 1919.

Libby, Lester J. Venetian Views of the Ottoman Empire from the Peace of 1503 to the War of Cyprus.” The Sixteenth Century Journal, vol. 9, no. 4, Winter 1978, pp. 103 - 126.

Martin, Colin and Geoffrey Parker. The Spanish Armada. Norton, 1988.

Soucek, Svatopluk. “Naval Aspects of the Ottoman Conquests of Rhodes, Cyprus and Crete.” Studia Islamica, no. 98/99, 2004, pp. 219 - 261

White, Joshua M. “Holy Warriors, Rebels, and Thieves: Defining Maritime Violence in the Ottoman Mediterranean.” Piracy in World History. Amsterdam University Press, 2021.

Support the Show.