• 國際時事跟讀 Ep. L140: 川普覬覦格陵蘭,北約爆拆夥危機 Trump's Greenland Ultimatum Sparks NATO Crisis
    Feb 1 2026
    掌握未來工作新趨勢!HP EliteBook AI PC 搭配 Poly 智慧協作方案,結合 AI 降噪、智慧攝影與資安防護,打造安全流暢的混合辦公體驗。讓工作不只是工作,而是成就與自我實現。 https://fstry.pse.is/8mwuzk —— 以上為播客煮與 Firstory Podcast 廣告 —— ----------------------------------- 🎧 通勤學英語 VIP 專區 & 🚀 線上課程 ----------------------------------- 💡 想要更自然的提升英語力?加入VIP會員,獲得專屬內容與優惠!立即加入VIP方案 → https://15minstoday.firstory.io/joinVIP訂閱常見問題 →https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/5cjptb 🔥 社會人核心英語有聲書課程→https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/554esm ------------------------------- 🌎 15Mins.Today 相關連結 ------------------------------- 💬 你的想法很重要!留言分享 → 留言連結 Web:www.15mins.today YouTube:https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/3rhuuy 商業合作/贊助來信:15minstoday@gmail.com 意見回覆 : ask15mins@gmail.com -------------------------------------------- 📜 單集逐字稿 & 內容摘要(播放器字數有限,完整逐字稿請到官網查看) -------------------------------------------- 國際時事跟讀VIP Ep. L136: Trump's Greenland Ultimatum Sparks NATO Crisis Highlights 主題摘要Trump demands Greenland for security, refusing to rule out military force.US eyes Arctic dominance and rare earth minerals to counter China.Denmark rejects the offer, sparking a crisis within the NATO alliance. In a move shaking the global geopolitical landscape this January 2026, President Donald Trump has aggressively renewed his campaign to acquire Greenland. Following recent US military decisiveness in Venezuela, the White House has signaled that taking control of the vast Arctic territory is a critical national security priority. Trump explicitly argued that American ownership is essential to deter adversaries, even suggesting that the use of military assets remains a potential option if diplomatic avenues fail to secure the island. This resurgence of what was once considered a mere "real estate fantasy" has now hardened into a concrete foreign policy objective. 2026 年 1 月,川普總統大動作重啟「收購格陵蘭」計畫,此舉在國際地緣政治版圖投下震撼彈。繼美軍近期在委內瑞拉展現雷厲風行的行動後,白宮已明確定調,將掌控這片廣袤的北極領土視為攸關國家安全的優先事項。川普明確主張,美國擁有格陵蘭主權是嚇阻敵對勢力的必要手段,甚至暗示若外交斡旋失敗,不排除動用軍事資產來達成目標。這項一度被譏為單純「炒房狂想」的議題,如今已轉化為具體且強硬的外交戰略目標。 The strategic logic behind this demand centers on Greenland’s pivotal location and untapped resources. Situated between North America and Europe, the island commands the "GIUK gap," a maritime corridor vital for monitoring Russian naval activity. Furthermore, as melting ice opens new shipping lanes, the territory has become a hotspot for competition with China and securing dominance in the high north. The administration views Greenland’s massive deposits of rare earth minerals as indispensable for reducing dependence on foreign supply chains for advanced military technology. 這項要求背後的戰略邏輯,核心在於格陵蘭樞紐般的地理位置及其未開發資源。該島位於北美與歐洲之間,扼守著監控俄羅斯海軍動向的咽喉:「GIUK 缺口」海廊。此外,隨著冰層融化開啟新航道,該地已成為與中國角力及鞏固極北霸權的兵家必爭之地。川普當局認為,格陵蘭蘊藏的龐大稀土礦藏,對於降低先進軍事科技對海外供應鏈的依賴,具有絕對的不可取代性。 Tensions escalated when President Trump declared that NATO should actively facilitate the territory's transfer to American jurisdiction. He asserted that the alliance would become "far more formidable" with Greenland under US command, dismissing alternatives as unacceptable. White House officials are reportedly drafting acquisition options ranging from economic incentives to coercive measures. This direct challenge has transformed a diplomatic disagreement into a severe test of alliance unity, as Washington doubles down on its "America First" doctrine. 當川普總統宣稱北約應積極促成該領土移交美國管轄時,緊張局勢急遽升溫。他斷言若格陵蘭納入美軍指揮體系,北約戰力將「如虎添翼」,並駁斥任何替代方案皆無法接受。據傳白宮官員正研擬各種併購劇本,手段涵蓋經濟誘因乃至於強制性措施。隨著華府加倍貫徹「美國優先」路線,這項直接挑戰已將一場外交分歧,演變成對盟國團結度的嚴峻試煉。 The response from Copenhagen and Nuuk has been immediate, creating a "...
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    8 mins
  • 回顧星期天LBS - 小吃零食相關時事趣聞 All about snacks
    Jan 31 2026
    全球霸主TOYOTA ALL NEW RAV4 霸氣登場,汰舊換新價99萬元起!了解更多👉 https://fstry.pse.is/8mddfr —— 以上為 KKBOX 與 Firstory Podcast 廣告 —— Topic: Chinese ready meals have more salt than 11 bags of potato chips Chinese takeaways and ready meals should carry compulsory health warning labels on menus and packaging to alert consumers to “astonishing and harmful” salt levels, UK health experts have recommended. 英國健康專家建議,外帶餐廳或是超市販售的即食中式料理,應該在菜單中以及包裝上強制加上健康危害警告標語,提醒消費者餐點中的含鹽量達到「令人驚恐而且有害」的程度。 The worst-offending Chinese takeaway dishes in a survey published on March 13 by Action on Salt were found to have as much salt as five McDonald’s Big Macs, while many had more than half an adult’s entire daily allowance.Supermarket Chinese ready meals were also laden with salt, with some containing more than the amount found in two Pizza Express margherita pizzas, the report reveals. Some rice dishes contained more salt than 11 bags of ready salted crisps. 英國組織「抗鹽行動」在三月十三日發布一項調查結果,發現那些對健康造成最嚴重危害的外帶型中式料理,其中鹽分的含量相等於五個麥當勞大麥克堡,還有許多菜餚的含鹽量超過一個成人每日食鹽建議攝取量的一半。這份報告同時揭露出超市的即食中式料理同樣充滿著鹽分,其中一些菜餚含鹽量遠超過連鎖義式餐廳Pizza Express的兩個瑪格麗特披薩。某些米飯類料理所含的鹽分甚至超過十一袋加鹽的洋芋片。 Action on Salt is leading a group of health experts in calling on Public Health England to set tough new salt targets, make front-of-pack labelling mandatory and to follow New York’s lead by requiring chains to put warning labels on high-salt dishes. They are also urging the food industry and restaurants to reduce salt by reformulating takeaways and ready meals. 「抗鹽行動」組織率領一群健康專家,向英國公共衛生部呼籲應制定嚴格的新鹽分標準、強制食物包裝正面必須加上標示,並且仿效紐約之前率先採取的行動,也就是要求連鎖超市或餐廳必須在高鹽分菜餚的包裝上加註警語。他們同時也呼籲食品產業和餐廳重新設計外帶與即食料理的成份,減少其中的鹽分。 Of 141 supermarket Chinese ready meals analysed, nearly half (43 percent) were high in salt — containing more than 1.5g/100g, or 1.8g per portion — which would trigger a red “traffic light” label. 在經過分析的一百四十一種中式即食料理中,有接近半數(百分之四十三)的菜餚含鹽量過高──每一百克的菜餚中就有超過一點五克的鹽,或是一份菜餚中含有一點八克的鹽──可能導致身體中的鹽分攝取亮起紅燈。 “Salt is the forgotten killer as it puts up our blood pressure, leading to tens of thousands of unnecessary strokes, heart failure and heart attacks every year,” said Graham MacGregor, the chairman of Action on Salt and a professor of cardiovascular medicine at Queen Mary University of London.“ 「抗鹽行動」的理事長葛拉漢‧麥可葛瑞格表示:「食鹽是經常遭到忽略的殺手,它會增加我們的血壓,每年導致好幾萬個可以避免的中風、心臟衰竭,以及急性心臟病等案例」。葛拉漢‧麥可葛瑞格同時也是倫敦瑪麗王后大學心血管醫藥研究部門的教授。 Reducing salt is the most cost-effective measure to reduce the number of people dying or suffering from strokes or heart disease.”Accompanying rice dishes, spring rolls and prawn crackers — and soy sauce — can pile on the salt in a Chinese meal.Dishes from six Chinese restaurants were also analysed, with 97 percent found to contain 2g of salt or more. More than half (58 percent) contained in excess of 3g of salt per dish: Half an adult’s maximum recommended daily intake. 「要減少中風或心臟疾病的死亡人數或罹病者數量,減少鹽分是最有效率又成本最低的措施。」 中式餐點如果搭配米飯類菜餚,或是春捲和蝦餅──再淋上醬油──鹽分就會大幅增加。 這個組織同時也分析了六間中式餐廳的多種料理,有百分之九十七的菜餚含有兩公克或以上的鹽分。超過半數(百分之五十八)的菜餚每份的含鹽量甚至超過三公克──這已經是一位成人每日食鹽建議最大攝取量的一半了。 Source article: http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2018/03/25/2003689953 Next Article Topic: ‘Free chips with your bag of air’ is good for you, says FDA Have you ever felt like you have been conned when you joyfully open a bag of potato chips, only to find a mere handful of chips inside? The Taiwan Food and Drug ...
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    8 mins
  • 幕後教師室Teacher's Lounge Ep.107: 誇張練習法來偷師配音員Angel老師的暖身秘訣 How to warm up for better reading
    Jan 30 2026
    ----------------------------------- 🎧 通勤學英語 VIP 專區 & 🚀 線上課程 ----------------------------------- 💡 想要更自然的提升英語力?加入VIP會員,獲得專屬內容與優惠!立即加入VIP方案 → https://15minstoday.firstory.io/joinVIP訂閱常見問題 →https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/5cjptb 🔥 社會人核心英語有聲書課程→https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/554esm ------------------------------- 🌎 15Mins.Today 相關連結 ------------------------------- 💬 你的想法很重要!留言分享 → 留言連結 Web:www.15mins.today YouTube:https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/3rhuuy 商業合作/贊助來信:15minstoday@gmail.com 意見回覆 : ask15mins@gmail.com -------------------------------------------- 📜 單集逐字稿 & 內容摘要(播放器字數有限,完整逐字稿請到官網查看) -------------------------------------------- 🎤 為什麼練習要夸張?因為練習場大哥不等於實戰高手! 延續上週的發音錯誤主題,這集John老師和阿鍵老師要分享更technical的內容:配音員Angel老師的暖身秘訣!為什麼練習要夸張?因為「Aim for the moon and you will reach the star」,更重要的是——口腔發音是肌肉訓練,不push到極限,你怎麼知道自己的極限在哪裡? 💪 夸張練習的核心原理:肌肉記憶 John老師解釋:「這跟去健身房、游泳一樣,不push到極限,你不知道生理極限在哪裡。口腔也是一樣!舌頭沒有伸出來,你怎麼知道你有舌頭?」 發音的三大要素:Vocal chord(聲帶)口腔肌肉(留一個空洞讓聲音回盪)舌頭(做靈活動作讓聲音轉化、變形)阿鍵老師:「口腔叫做『腔』,就是中間有一個洞,我們要讓這個洞打開!」 為什麼平時不夸張? John老師說:「練習的時候夸張,平時發揮的時候才會正常!我們平常講話會打個七折左右。如果你夸張演繹intonation,在日常跟人講電話時並不是這樣,但你的muscle memory會記得『我嘴巴要打開,讓人家聽到我每一個音節』!」 練習場大哥 vs 實戰高手的比喻: John老師幽默地說:「我全馬跑一個半小時(練習場),高爾夫球打72桿(練習場),但上場就廢了!因為練習都是平的,沒有高坡度。實際情況有風吹日晒、爬坡下坡!」 「所以Driving Range Pro(練習場的Pro)不等於真正下場的Pro。練心態練久了,你沒下場就只是練習場大哥!」 重點:練習是為了實戰,讓你有muscle memory,舌頭靈活,抗拒感降最低! 🎭 Angel老師偷師來的配音員暖身法 John老師和阿鍵老師去偷學Angel老師(聲優/配音員)的練習法! 聲優進錄音室前的暖身重點:不是直接拿台詞念(太容易入戲,影響後面表現)用空稿或聲音練習目標:讓嘴巴醒來、保持彈性、舌頭靈活找到共鳴的點(喉嚨還是口腔)掌握念稿的節奏感(快慢切換) Angel老師分享的暖身三步驟: 步驟1:嘴部肌肉練習(不發聲) 1.嘴巴張到最大夸張到你自己都覺得好笑打開→變最小→打開→變小自覺掌握肌肉,控制樂器內部大小2.細部嘴唇練習微笑→嘟嘴→微笑→嘟嘴練習嘴唇彈性3.放鬆練習下巴左右晃(上顎下顎的control)讓剛才練習的肌肉回到放鬆階段阿鍵老師補充按摩師教的技巧:「用力咬住然後放開,你就會知道放鬆是什麼感覺!像橡皮筋拉到最長再放鬆,恢復肌肉的感受!」 步驟2:母音AEIOU練習 從最基本的母音開始:A: AI(像ABC歌)、A for appleE: E for eggI/Y: 各種I的音O: Potato的O、Mr. 的R音U: Mr. Wu的U音(嘴唇變小變大、張開控制)台灣人比較不熟的:全開的大口A需要張很大的RJohn老師:「張開你不習慣,就很容易吃掉那個音節,變成A或乾脆不發音就跳過,尤其是字尾的最後一個音節就不見了!」 記住:Go crazy!過頭、夸張地練習!看到音節時會有更好的掌握度! 🎯 Practice vs Performance的黃金比例 John老師提醒:「Practice是一個樣,上場是另一個樣!打七折不是你心裡打折,你還是要努力發音!你回到原來狀態就會打折了,結果你在原來狀態再打折——七折再七折,我們沒有要跳樓拍賣,那可能就骨折了!」 😂 正確心態:練習:100%夸張、push極限實戰:自然就會打七折,剛剛好 🍷 克寧老師的秘密武器:喝一杯小酒? 阿鍵老師提到之前English Café單元:「克寧老師基本上都會喝酒,稍微放鬆一點,英文外語可以講得更好!」 John老師:「對某些人來講,英文的靈魂就會上升,上輩子的英文靈魂上升!Whatever makes you comfortable, you do that!」 📚 自然發音法 vs KK/IPA音標的世代差異 話題延伸到小朋友和大人的學習方式差異: 現在小朋友:自然發音法(Phonics)Sight words(看到字就會念)比較無腦能入門It works 80% of the time80%的地方都會聽得懂你,就safe了!老人家:KK音標/IPA小朋友會說:「KK...
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    22 mins
  • 精選詞彙單元 Vocab Ep.063: Junk food messing with your brain and squatting is good for you 垃圾食物與你的蹲姿
    Jan 29 2026

    掌握未來工作新趨勢!

    HP EliteBook AI PC 搭配 Poly 智慧協作方案,

    結合 AI 降噪、智慧攝影與資安防護,打造安全流暢的混合辦公體驗。

    讓工作不只是工作,而是成就與自我實現。

    https://fstry.pse.is/8mwuzk


    —— 以上為播客煮與 Firstory Podcast 廣告 ——




    Summary:
    The first article discusses how junk food messes with our brain chemistry, making us stupid and not feeling full. Thus triggering a desire for more junk food. The second article found that if you need to sit all day, kneeling or squatting is much healthier for people, than sitting on a chair.

    原文章討論:https://www.15mins.today/blog/ep-847-about-scientific-research-certain-junk-foods-could-be

    Vocabulary and Sample Sentences:

    Undermine v.: make something weaker or less effective Did the mistake undermine her confidence? Would you fire someone who undermines your authority?

    Amiss adj + adv.: not as it should be Is there something amiss with your sleep patterns? Is there something amiss with the climate?

    Sedentary adj.: a lot of time sitting Are you sedentary on the weekends? Is a standing desk a great alternative to a sedentary lifestyle at work?

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    22 mins
  • 英語咖啡館 Ep.306: 想知道空服員講的專有術語嗎 Angel老師來拆解 Insider lingo used by airline staff
    Jan 27 2026

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    --------------------------------------------
    📜 單集逐字稿 & 內容摘要(播放器字數有限,完整逐字稿請到官網查看)
    --------------------------------------------

    你搭飛機時,是否曾好奇空服員之間的「神秘對話」?當他們透過對講機說出 "Cockroach" 或 "Deadhead" 時,其實指的可能不是昆蟲或死腦筋,而是飛機上不能讓乘客知道的秘密?本集《英語咖啡館》是 Angel 老師2026年的首次上場, John 老師準備了一些機組員才懂的航空業「暗號」要來考考她!

    你知道為什麼有些穿著制服搭機的組員必須全程把自己「蓋起來」嗎?或是當空服員在登機門口親切問候時,其實眼神正在掃描誰是關鍵的 "ABP"?Angel 老師要來分享這些行話背後的故事與規範,絕對讓你在下次的旅行有全新的觀察。

    When you're on a flight, have you ever been curious about the "mysterious conversations" between flight attendants? When they say "Cockroach" or "Deadhead" through the intercom, they might not actually be referring to insects or stubborn people, but rather secrets on the plane that passengers can't know about? This episode of "English Cafe" marks Angel's first appearance in 2026, and John has prepared some aviation industry "code words" that only crew members understand to quiz her!

    Do you know why some crew members in uniform must keep themselves "covered up" throughout the flight? Or when flight attendants greet you warmly at the boarding gate, their eyes are actually scanning to identify who is the critical "ABP"? Angel shares the stories and regulations behind this jargon, giving you completely new insights for your next trip.

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    30 mins
  • WHOIs單元Ep.13 : 運動王朝背後的低調男人
    Jan 26 2026

    養大一個孩子需要全村之力,照顧老人也需要整個社會同行,在變老的路上,伊甸希望能成為長輩和照顧者的夥伴。從日間照顧、居家服務到家庭照顧者支持者服務,邀你和伊甸一起用愛,讓長輩們可以安心、放心、開心生活。

    https://fstry.pse.is/8lah5y


    —— 以上為 Firstory Podcast 廣告 ——




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    7 mins
  • 國際時事跟讀 Ep. L136: 富者狂歡窮人吃土:2026K型經濟預測 Rich Feast, Poor Starve: The K-Shaped Economy Reality
    Jan 25 2026
    SMILE Pro AI導航近視雷射 吳姍儒的精明選擇AI算比隱形眼鏡還省 📢十年省15萬?! 早做早享受!AI精準導航 客製演算👁️導入台灣雷射實證參數 優化金三角視力數據! https://fstry.pse.is/8mt9t6 —— 以上為 Firstory Podcast 廣告 —— ----------------------------------- 🎧 通勤學英語 VIP 專區 & 🚀 線上課程 ----------------------------------- 💡 想要更自然的提升英語力?加入VIP會員,獲得專屬內容與優惠!立即加入VIP方案 → https://15minstoday.firstory.io/joinVIP訂閱常見問題 →https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/5cjptb 🔥 社會人核心英語有聲書課程→https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/554esm ------------------------------- 🌎 15Mins.Today 相關連結 ------------------------------- 💬 你的想法很重要!留言分享 → 留言連結 Web:www.15mins.today YouTube:https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/3rhuuy 商業合作/贊助來信:15minstoday@gmail.com 意見回覆 : ask15mins@gmail.com -------------------------------------------- 📜 單集逐字稿 & 內容摘要(播放器字數有限,完整逐字稿請到官網查看) -------------------------------------------- 國際時事跟讀 Ep. L136: Rich Feast, Poor Starve: The K-Shaped Economy Reality Highlights 主題摘要Stock markets soar while inflation forces families to cut basics.Credit card debt and bankruptcies hit a 14-year high.Wage growth slows down despite hopes for future price cuts. The year 2026 has solidified a starkly divided reality known as the "K-shaped" economy, where financial fortunes diverge sharply based on social class. While wealthy households celebrate record-breaking stock market gains and robust investment returns, working-class families are continuously battling a severe cost-of-living crisis. This economic phenomenon has created a split-screen existence across the nation: one privileged group enjoys luxury spending, while the other faces mounting debts and the agonizing decision to sacrifice holiday celebrations just to keep food on the table. 2026 年,「K型經濟」的殘酷現實已然成形,貧富差距徹底拉大。當富人忙著慶祝股市頻創新高、投資荷包滿滿的同時,工薪階層卻深陷生活成本飆升的泥淖。這種經濟現象讓美國社會彷彿活在兩個平行時空:特權階級豪擲千金享受生活,另一端的人們卻背負著沉重卡債,為了求頓溫飽,甚至不得不忍痛放棄過節。 For ordinary citizens like Marcus Satterfield, booming macroeconomic statistics feel like a cruel illusion rather than reality. Despite having steady employment, his purchasing power has been eroded by inflation, forcing him to slash budgets and consider driving for Uber to afford groceries. Similarly, retirees on fixed incomes are struggling to manage skyrocketing medical bills and utility costs. Federal data confirms this distress, revealing that credit card delinquencies have surged to a fourteen-year high as families exhaust their savings to cover basic daily necessities. 對於像 Marcus Satterfield 這樣的小老百姓來說,亮眼的總體經濟數據不但無感,反倒像場殘酷的笑話。儘管工作穩定,通膨卻吃掉了他的薪水,逼得他必須大砍預算,甚至考慮去開 Uber 貼補日常開銷。同樣地,依靠固定退休金生活的長輩,也被飆漲的醫藥費和水電瓦斯費壓得喘不過氣。聯邦數據證實了這股慘況:為了支付日常開銷,許多家庭已將積蓄耗盡,導致信用卡違約率飆升至十四年來新高。 The financial strain is further compounded by a "hiring recession," making it increasingly difficult for people to find second jobs or secure better wages. As safety nets shrink, desperate households are relying on credit cards, leading to a dangerous cycle of high-interest debt that threatens their long-term stability. Economists warn that while aggregate numbers look healthy, serious pockets of pain exist, with student loan defaults and personal bankruptcies climbing rapidly. For the bottom half of the economy, there is simply no end in sight. 雪上加霜的是,就業市場正面臨「求職寒冬」,民眾想找兼差或跳槽加薪變得難上加難。隨著社會安全網破洞越來越大,走投無路的家庭只能刷卡度日,陷入高循環利息的債務黑洞,嚴重威脅未來的財務穩定。經濟學家示警,雖然整體數據光鮮亮麗,但暗處卻充滿隱憂,學貸違約和個人破產數正急速攀升。對經濟底層的一半人口而言,這場苦難似乎還看不到盡頭。 Looking ahead, there are faint glimmers of hope as retailers begin cutting prices to stimulate sluggish demand. However, experts caution that these potential savings may be offset by a weakening labor market and slowing wage growth in the coming months. While proposed tax cuts might offer some relief, the immediate outlook ...
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    8 mins
  • 回顧星期天LBS - 土耳其相關時事趣聞 All about Turkey
    Jan 24 2026
    「這個時代的劇本,就用這個時代的鏡片來讀。」—— 蔡司智銳鏡片代言人 謝盈萱2026.1.1 – 3.31馬年奔騰智選登錄抽活動詳情與登錄請見 https://fstry.pse.is/8lturw #蔡司智銳鏡片系列#蔡司優視力體驗 —— 以上為 KKBOX 與 Firstory Podcast 廣告 —— A coronavirus "vaccination persuasion" initiative is gearing up to be rolled out across Turkey after proving a resounding success in a district in the country’s south-east. 一項新冠病毒「接種疫苗勸說」倡議在土耳其東南部一個地區證明成效卓著後,正加緊在全國各地推出。 Since February, doctors and healthcare workers in the mainly Kurdish city of Adıyaman have been calling people in age groups already eligible for the vaccine to ask why they have not come to clinics for appointments. 醫師和醫護人員2月起在以庫德族為主的阿德亞曼市,打電話給符合接種年齡資格的族群,詢問他們為什麼沒有到診所預約接種。 Then, equipped with cooler boxes full of vaccine vials, they fan out across the rural area to visit patients who are still reluctant. 然後,他們帶著裝滿疫苗針劑的保冷箱,在這個鄉村地區四處拜訪仍不願去接種疫苗的患者。 It is working, boosting the vaccine take-up rate among the 250,000 strong population scattered across the province’s central district by nearly 30%. 此舉確實發揮作用,將散佈該省中心地區約25萬人口的疫苗接種率,提高了將近30%。Source article: https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1452359; Next Article Topic: Prehistoric settlement in Turkey bears telltale signs of modern woes Overcrowding. Violence. Infectious diseases. Environmental degradation. It may sound like the worst of modern mega-cities. 過度擁擠、暴力、傳染性疾病、環境惡化,這聽起來就像是最惡劣的現代巨型都市。 But people encountered these very same problems when the first large settlements were being established millennia ago as humans began to swap a nomadic hunter-gatherer existence for a lifestyle centered on farming, scientists said on June 17, based on findings from a prehistoric site in south-central Turkey. 不過,科學家在六月十七日指出,根據土耳其中南部一處史前遺址發現的證據顯示,人們早在幾千年前建立最初的大型聚落時,就遭遇過這些類似的問題,人類當時正開始從遊牧式狩獵採集的生活型態轉換成農牧為主的生活方式。 The researchers examined 742 human skeletons unearthed at the prehistoric ruins of Catalhoyuk, inhabited from 9,100 to 7,950 years ago during a pivotal time in human evolution, for clues about what life was like at one of the earliest sizable settlements in the archeological record. At its peak, 3,500 to 8,000 people lived there, with the researchers calling it a “proto-city.” 研究人員檢驗「加泰土丘」史前遺跡出土的七百四十二具人類骨骸,希望能找到線索,拼湊出人類當初在這處大型聚落中生活的樣貌。加泰土丘是考古紀錄中年代最早的一處大型聚落遺址,人類在九千一百年前到七千九百五十年前居住於此,當時正好是人類演化的關鍵時刻。在巔峰時期,當地約有三千五百到八千位居民,研究人員遂稱此地為一個「原始城市」。 The residents experienced a high rate of infections, as seen in their teeth and bones, probably caused by diseases spreading in crowded conditions amid challenges to proper hygiene, the researchers said. Overcrowding may have contributed to interpersonal violence. Many skulls bore evidence of healed fractures to the top or back of the cranium, some with multiple injuries. 研究人員表示,居民的牙齒跟骸骨顯示他們遭到感染的比例相當高,可能是因為擁擠的生活條件,難以維持良好衛生,使得疾病於其中散播。過度擁擠也可能導致人與人之間發生暴力行為。證據在於,許多頭骨在頭蓋骨上方或後腦處可見癒合後的骨裂痕跡,有些頭骨還有多處損傷。 The shape of these injuries indicates they may have been caused by hard clay balls found at Catalhoyuk that researchers suspect were used as projectiles from a sling weapon. “A key message that people will take from these findings is that our current behaviors have deep roots in the history of humankind,” said Ohio State University biological anthropologist Clark Spencer Larsen, who led the study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 從形狀研判,這些損傷可能是遭到堅硬的黏土球體撞擊而導致。研究人員懷疑,在加泰土丘發現的黏土球當時可能被用來當作投石器或彈弓的子彈。「人們從這些發現中獲得的關鍵訊息就是,我們目前的行為模式在人類歷史中有著很深的根源,」...
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    11 mins