In this episode, we're discussing essential rules of comma usage in English writing.

We’ll break down common myths, such as the misconception that commas should be placed where you pause. Instead, we’ll explore proper comma use in various contexts, including separating items in a list, joining independent clauses, and setting off non-essential information.

You’ll also learn how to handle commas in dates, addresses, and titles, with clear examples and explanations. By the end, you’ll have a solid understanding of when and how to use commas confidently, avoiding the most frequent mistakes.

Common Comma Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

● Using a comma to separate a subject from its verb

○ Incorrect: My friend Cleo, is a wonderful singer.

○ Correct: My friend Cleo is a wonderful singer.

● Even if a subject is long or complex, the comma should not be used to separate it from the verb.

○ Incorrect: The things that cause me joy, may also cause me pain.

○ Correct: The things that cause me joy may also cause me pain.

● Using a comma between two verbs or verb phrases in a compound predicate

○ Incorrect: We laid out our music and snacks, and began to study.

○ Correct: We laid out our music and snacks and began to study.

However, using a comma in a compound predicate can sometimes prevent misreading. For example, in the sentence "Cleo spotted the man who entered the diner, and waved", the comma makes it clear that Cleo waved, not the man.

● Using a comma between two nouns in a compound subject or compound object

○ Incorrect (compound subject): The music teacher from your high school, and the football coach from mine are married.

○ Correct: The music teacher from your high school and the football coach from mine are married.

○ Incorrect (compound object): Cleo will wear a sparkly red blazer, and high heels.

○ Correct: Cleo will wear a sparkly red blazer and high heels.

● Using a comma after the main clause when a dependent (subordinate) clause follows it

○ Incorrect: The cat scratched at the door, while I was eating.

This mistake can be avoided by placing the dependent clause before the main clause and following it with a comma. For example, the previous incorrect sentence can be made correct by writing, "While I was eating, the cat scratched at the door".

However, when a dependent clause follows a main clause, a comma can be used in cases of extreme contrast. For example, the sentence "She was still quite upset, although she had won the Oscar" is correct because it is an example of extreme contrast.

● Using a comma to separate essential elements of a sentence

Essential elements, such as clauses beginning with "that", should not be set off by commas. That clauses after nouns and following a verb expressing mental action are always essential.

○ Incorrect: It is critical, that you not put a comma in this sentence.

○ Correct: It is critical that you not put a comma in this sentence.

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