Audra and Elisa look into the NFL’s history of hiding data about the dangers of CTE — which no amount of Taylor Swift & Travis Kelce coverage can erase. This episode pairs best with listening to neurologists and playing non-contact sports. Image and Video Time Stamps Non-contact Injury Rate Higher on Artificial Turf (26:15)Guardian Caps (51:45) Book Recommendation Forty Million Dollar Slaves: The Rise, Fall, and Redemption of the Black Athlete by William C. Rhoden Keep the conversation going Email us at culturecolander@gmail.comFollow us! Sources “The 2023 Racial and Gender Report Card,” Adrien Bouchet, TIDES: The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport“9 NBA Players Who Played In The League The Longest,” Roberth Perez, The Sportster “Average Playing Career Length in the National Football League,” Christina Gough, StatisticaBehind the Shield: The Power & Politics of the NFL, Dir. Jeremy Earp, Tubi“The Changing Face of America’s Favorite Sport,” David Sheinin, Emily Giambalvo, The Washington Post “Commanders' Magic Johnson: 'It's Been Hard' for Black People to Become NFL Owners,” Jack Murray, Bleacher Report“Concussion Protocols: Where We Stand Now,” JC Tretter, NFLPA“Examining Race Trends in the NFL: Diversity, but Not Inclusion,” The Football Players Health Study, Harvard University“Figure 1 - Uploaded by David Wyndham Lawrence,” ResearchGate%2C%20and%20linebackers%20(21.48%20per)“The History of Black Quarterbacks in the NFL (2023 Update),” Chase Stuart, Football Perspective“How Many NFL Teams Are Owned by African-Americans?,” Nick Goodling, Sportskeeda“How Teddy Roosevelt and The Thirst for Empire Made Football America’s Sport,” Dave Zirin, The Real News Network“How the NFL is Working to Prevent Concussions and Protect Players,” Lindsey Theis, Scripps News“Injury Data Since 2015,” NFL Player Health & Safety“Inside the NFL Turf Debate: Injuries, Safety Measures, Problems,” ESPNLeague of Denial: The NFL’s Concussion Crisis, Frontline“List of Professional Sports Leagues by Revenue,” Wikipedia“Masculine Women, Feminine Men," Queer Music Heritage“NFL Head, Neck and Spine Committee’s Concussion Diagnosis and Management Protocol,” NFL“NFL Field Surface Intel: Grass vs. Turf, Owners, Problems,” ESPN“NFL Players Union Renews Call for Grass Fields After Aaron Rodgers’ Injury,” Teresa M. Walker, The Associated Press“NFL Reaches ‘Major Milestone’ With Record 9 Minority Head Coaches in Place for the 2024 Season,” Steve Reed, The Associated Press“NFL Record 14 Black QBs to Start in Week 1, Boosted by Rookies Bryce Young, C.J. Stroud, Anthony Richardson,” Jonathan Jones, CBS“NFL Reports Lobbying Spending Increase Ahead of Super Bowl LVII,” Joanne Haner, Open Secrets: Following the Money in Politics “NFL Says Regular-Season Concussions Increased 18% in 2022,” Kevin Seifert, ESPN“NFLPA's Howell Says 92% of Players Want Grass Fields Over Turf,” Paul Gutierrez, ESPN“No Sport for Old Players. A Longitudinal Study of Aging Effects on Match Performance in Elite Soccer,” Ezequiel Rey, Miguel Lorenzo-Martínez, ScienceDirect“Only Natural Grass Can Level The NFL’s Playing Field,” JC Tretter, NFLPA“The Paradox of Integration: Racial Composition of NFL Positions from 1960 to 2020,” Guadalupe Marquez-Velarde et al., American Sociologist Association “Researchers Find CTE in 345 of 376 Former NFL Players Studied,” Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine“Share of Players in the NFL in 2023, by Ethnicity,” Christina Gough, Statistica“Study: Head Impacts, Not Concussions, Drive Football-Related CTE Risk,” Rodney Young, Axel Turcios, Scripps News“Super Bowl LVIII Is Most-Watched Telecast in History,” Football Operations“What Did Your Favorite League Spend on Federal Lobbying in 2019?” Emma Baccellieri, Sports Illustrated“What Happened to Damar Hamlin? Here's What We Know About the Buffalo Bills Player's Cardiac Arrest,” Allison Elyse Gualtieri, CBS News“Which NFL Stadiums Have Artificial Turf and Which Have Grass? Everything You Need to Know,” The Athletic
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