Episodes

  • 62: False Memories & House Plants

    62: False Memories & House Plants
    May 9 2024
    How much real science is there to the Mandela Effect, and how much should we be worried about our faulty memories? And what's the science and history behind our long love for house plants?Timestamps:(00:00:00) Intro(00:03:31) False Memories(00:57:30) (01:37:47) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!Yes Ella my favorite host of Let’s Learn Everything, Fiona Broome - Paranormal Researcher, Ella is shocked to learn the Mandela Effect was a conspiracy first, repressed memories, the McMcartin Preschool Trial again, the concept of memories at all is bonkers, we shoudl do more experiments, flashbulb memories aren’t as “unchanging as the slumbering rhinegold”, the original study didn’t even check if the memories were accurate they just assumed, flash bulb memories only Feel more accurate, the concept of false memories can make people believe in the mandela effect MORE, don’t have an existential crisis, rebunking your memories, most memory recalls aren’t adversarial like mandeal effect questions, Metamemory effects, just like memory isn’t so simple false memories aren’t so simple either, “I wish I hadn’t said yay when you said racism”, does anyone remember the 2 president Obamas? we gave false memories to bees, having false memories makes bees MORE complex not less, false memories aren’t flaws they’re just part of memory, classic meatbrain, “my brain is a beautiful and complex thing”, movies can exist, The Four Legged Chairs, the art of putting a plant into a pot, egyptians used plants for a ton of stuff, portable plants, gillyflowers for bad breath and paying rent, peppercorn payment, (ayyy), Wes Anderson’s The Winter Hotel for Plants, renting plants for a party, the illegal orchid trade, plant hunters, pteridomania, the World War 2 potted plant boom, the millenial urge to care for plants is more of a historic urge, guilting your cohosts into talking about your plants, you’d need 10 potted plant per square foot in the home to clean the air, just imagine yourself as a Sim you need art and plants, hot or not for plants, there aren’t really huge health benefits from plants, it feels like studies are asking “why do we like plants so much??”, just enjoy plants for the sake of enjoying them, office plants are nice but I feel like work life balance will do better for my health, I just think they’re neat! Sources:Snopes: The Mandela EffectThe Wiley Handbook on The Cognitive Neuroscience of MemoryEthan Watters: The Forgotten Lessons of the Recovered Memory MovementThe False Memory Syndrome: Experimental studies and comparison to confabulationsThe Fallibility of Memory in Judicial ProcessesUCLA Med on MemoryImplanting False MemoriesHirst and Phelps Amazing Review of Flashbulb MemoriesPredicting Confidence in Flashbulb Memories (re: Michael Jackson)Fiona Broome: The Mandela Effect is Not False MemoriesFalse memory and COVID-19: How people fall for fake news about COVID-19 in digital contextsBBC on Mandela EffectFalse Memory in Bees StudyAnalysis of False Bee Memory StudyDon Hertzfeldt On Memory---National Museums Liverpool: Gardens in Ancient EgyptBritannica: HouseplantsNational Trust: A Potted History of HouseplantsHorticultural Reviews, Volume 31, The Foliage Plant IndustryGrace and Thorn: The History of HouseplantsCobham Museum: Windlesham- Peppercorn PaymentThe Plant Runner: A History of HouseplantsThe Scotsman: Our Fascination With Indoor Potted Plants has a Long and Colourful HistoryArchitectural Digest: The Most Iconic Houseplant Trends Through the DecadesThe Guardian: Indoor Plant Sales Boom, Reflecting Urbanisation and Design TrendsThe Telegraph: Houseplant Sales Soar2019 Paper: Potted Plants Do Not Improve Indoor Air Quality: A Review and Analysis of Reported VOC Removal EfficienciesUniversity of Reading: Owning Houseplants Can Boost Your Mental Health – Here’s How to Pick the Right One2022 Paper: The Appearance of Indoor Plants and their Effect on People's Perceptions of Indoor Air Puality and Subjective Well-BeingRHS: Houseplants: To Support Human Health2022 Paper: Effects of Indoor Plants on Human Functions: A Systematic Review with Meta-AnalysesBBC: Are Your Houseplants Bad for the Environment?
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    1 hr and 42 mins
  • 61: Whale Fall Ecology & Jury Duty

    61: Whale Fall Ecology & Jury Duty
    Apr 25 2024
    What happens when the largest living animal becomes the largest dead animal? Just how complex could a dead whale be? And what are the differences, flaws, and nuances of the jury system, and can we be studying it better?Images we Talk About:The Zombie WormTimestamps:(00:00:00) Intro(00:03:59) Whale Fall Ecology(00:52:52) Jury Duty(01:32:41) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about: A bucket of mice, when whales die the people who love them will miss them, a jury of your cohosts will decide if your topic is boring, Tom stretching his arms to measure a 34 meter long whale, marine snow and whale falls, gettin ghastly gassy, a new mussel told us to go check out the whale fall, whales are mortal, deep sea mussel delicacy, how hard could it be to find a whale over 70% of the earth’s surface? let’s just wait for the carcass to come to us… wait actually?? welcome to our automatic zoo of dead things on the beach brought to you by the crown, sinking beached whale carcasses, the 3 stages of whale fall, Denial/Mobile Scavenger Phase can take 2 years, scavengers eat about one (1) Caroline of whale per day, Enrichment Opportunist Phase, Sulfophilic Phase, 7% of a whale is bone lipid, a sulfur bacteria carpet. did we walk into Caroline’s trap? This final phase can last 100 years! It’s not a trap if I’m asking you a question! 690,000 whale falls at any time, never in my wildest dreams would i be so lucky as to know the 12km distance from fall to fall statistic, whaling is deforestation for bacteria, Osedax or the zombie worm or the bone devourer or snot flower, there’s Drama in this whale fall ecosystem, dinosaur fall ecosystems, fossilized bones with fossilized deep sea snails, we got picked to talk about jury duty, UK US differences, a 900 day trial, there’s something wrong with Ella, the US is the only country to have so many civil juries, this topic has become a US UK debate, only the US requires unanimity, juror selection bias, racially diverse juries do a better job, I wish we could be surprised peremptory challenge is biased against women, oops it’s a british colinization topic, you could literally say too many asians, semi-jural systems, is this a philosophy topic about human nature?? our various biases, the confirmation bias against tom’s bad jokes, can we study jury bias? there hasn’t been any research on live jury deliberation.Sources:NatGeo: Dead whales are washing up on the East Coast.NHM: Whale Fall: What Happens When Whales Die?Review of the Impact of Whale Fall on Biodiversity in Deep-Sea Ecosystems (2022)The Discovery of a Natural Whale Fall in the Antarctic Deep Sea (2013)NPR: What Happens After A Whale Dies?Scientific American: Life at the Bottom: The Prolific Afterlife of WhalesFish Food in the Deep Sea: Revisiting the Role of Large Food-Falls (2014)NatGeo: Making a Home on PlesiosaursChemosynthesis-Based Sssociations on Cretaceous Plesiosaurid Carcasses (2008)---Cornell Law: What is Jury Duty?Jury Law UKMagna Carta538: Jury Duty is RareJury Service in the UKJuror Exemptions and Exclusions USADifferences between US and UK Legal SystemsJury Duty in UK vs USAUK Civil Case Info"Justifying ProhibitedPeremptory Challenges (2007)"Jury Under Fire: Jury Selection Can Effectively Identify Biased JurorsNACDL: Bias in Jury SelectionEJI: History of Bias in Jury SelectionComparison of Juries in Democratic Countries (2007)Jury Trial in different countriesWorld Jury Sytems: Exporting the English Jury System (2000)Monash Law: Do we need juries?Cognitive and Human Factors in Legal Layperson Decision Making: Sources of bias in Juror Decision Making (2022)Thomas Lecture on Jury BiasThe Curious Case of the Jury-Shaped Hole (2023)
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    1 hr and 38 mins
  • 60: Near Earth Objects & Guitar Tabs

    60: Near Earth Objects & Guitar Tabs
    Apr 11 2024
    What are all these rocks hurtling through space? Do we need to worry about them, and what can we learn from them? And what are guitar tabs, why don't people take them seriously, and why does Tom love them so dang much?Videos we Talk About:Osiris Boop GifTimestamps:(00:00:00) Intro(00:03:54) Near Earth Objects(00:56:58) Guitar Tabs(01:47:55) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!e|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------| B|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------| G|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------| D|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------|A|---------------2-|-----------4-6-4-|-----------6-7-0-|-----------6-7---| E|-0---------2-4---|-----------------|-----------------|---------------0-|(tabs via lucamashup)e|----------------B|----------------G|----------------D|-8888-10-10-333-A|-8888-10-10-333-E|-6666-8--8--111-We also learn about:I thought you were just going to just teach us guitar, still on course to learn everything in a few months! everyone’s favorite part: semantics and exceptions, Tom is a perfectly unmovable object, it’s doxxing myself if people know I’m the center of the universe, the great attractor was my nickname in high school, “naturally occurring objects traveling through our solar system which are smaller than planets and aren’t moons”, you must be 1 meter tall to be an asteroid, asteroids are metally comets are icy, a song of rock and metal dust and ice, asteroid/comet -> meteoroid -> meteor -> meteorite, 1.3 million known asteroids and only 3,800 comets in our solar system, within 50 million km it becomes a near earth object, obviously we’re all thinking about the Tunguska asteroid asteroid, 80 million trees felled and it didn’t even hit the Earth, one of the oldest meteors we know is from 2 billion years ago, the vredefort dome, 2 billion year old nuclear weapon testing??? the only time the earth makes Shatter Cones is meteors and nuclear explosions, if the meteor had hit the water it might not have been so catastrophic for dinosaurs, but it was going 20 kilometers per SECOND, a force 10,000 times the world nuclear arsenal, the crater has to be DISCOVERED, what does it mean for 50% of species to go extinct, the asteroid also vaporized the ground and water, impact winter, stopping photosynthesis kicks out the base of the foodchain, the meteor that broke the camel’s back, land animals over 25kg went extinct, there were a few lucky ducks, LLE Meteor Insurance, as long as Aerosmith is alive we’re fine, Asteroid Watch via the Center for Near Earth Object Studies, people listening 100 years from now hope you don’t have any asteroids (sucks to suck), Planetary Defense Coordination Office, Double Asteroid Redirct Mission, I cheered when we smashed into that asteroid, activating asteroids, asteroids are loose remaining legos from the formation of the solar system, OSIRIS-REx sample return, a kid named Bennu, tom loses his mind at the video of Osiris booping Bennu, personifying Rex, OSIRIS APEX, Apophis will be closer than some satellites, POV Apophis shots, Astroid Quakes, “cute is a weird way to describe a spacecraft touching an asteroid”, casual Caroline classical guitar lore drop, Tom learns guitar by accident, “too bad I picked this up so late”, Ella’s youtube ukulele era, don’t stop believing, tabs aren’t shittier sheet music, Van Halen didn’t invent tabs, tabs feel modern but also obvious, just because words are more efficient doesn’t mean diagrams aren’t useful, I’m just trying to play Don’t Stop Believing I have to worry about context? Guqin tablature dates to the 7th century! music has a lot of racism, rockin out those lute tabs, I knew this was secretly a font topic! monospace fonts revitalized tabs, sheet music software is garbage, god did not want me to use LaTeX they wanted me to use my mortal hands, OLGA, reading Beyonce tabs is not the same as listening to Beyonce, Paul McCartney’s the one who plays Blackbird wrong, let the philosophy professor enjoy his guitar! why punish the people who love your work, tabs are in a gray zone still, ultimate-guitar has a monopoly, the gray zone may benefit publishers, thanks swifties, Thomas Chesney’s tab research, it’s not a million miles away but it’s not right, ooh this song’s so commercially viable! Polphia’s tabs, Pinegrove’s tabs released before the songs, Tom’s guitar tabs, being a part of someone’s music journey in a little way, this could have been a guitar tab podcast, a cozy review corner.Sources:The Structure of the Milky WayThe Great AttractorNasa on Orbital DebrisAsteroids vs Comets vs MeteorsNasa on AsteroidsNotable Asteroid ImpactsTunguska EventAtomic Asteroid BlastsVredefort Impact StructureNASA on the Dinosaur Extincting AsteroidNHM: Why did the dinosaurs die out?Near Earth ObjectsDARTAsteroid WatchAsteroid ...
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    1 hr and 54 mins
  • Preview: Rats! Cheddar Heist!

    Preview: Rats! Cheddar Heist!
    Mar 28 2024

    With Tom as their DM, Ella, Caroline, and Ellen Weatherford team up for a dicey heist in the big apple. Only one catch: they're rats! Can Rex, Tango, and Muriel ratatouille their way to nab the cheddar, or will they crumble like feta? Believe it or not this is only the first quarter of the full 2 hour episode that you can only get by becoming a member at MaximumFun.org/join
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    37 mins
  • 59: Quantum Physics & Gossip

    59: Quantum Physics & Gossip
    Mar 21 2024
    Can Tom finally take on his science communication white whale: Quantum Physics?? And what is gossip, what did it mean in the past, and could it actually be... good?? Find out on a very special MaxFunDrive episode!See all the MaxFunDrive events, pins, and links here!Timestamps:(00:00:00) Intro(00:06:29) Quantum Physics(01:00:14) MaxFunDrive!(01:09:08) Gossip(01:44:14) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about:One minute of self indulgence, another bit?? when bugs gossip, Moby Dick was warning about the perils of teaching quantum physics, the word quantum is boring, every grocery list is quantum (except Ella’ infinite and continuous grocery list), Ocean’s 11 is a quantum movie, quantum physics is 100 years old, why doesn’t my toaster blast me with radiation, Lord Rayleigh is literally the why is the sky blue guy, Planck really didn’t want to be right, “an act of desperation”, you’re taught quantum physics in high school chemistry, Heisenberg v Pauli v Schrodinger beef, fully just saying jackass, even smart people hate quantum physics, “nobody feels perfectly comfortable with it”, YOU ALREADY KNOW QUANTUM PHYSICS, Newton has been redeemed! we almost called photons “quantums”, some of quantum physics is bullshit but not all of it is, what has quantum physics ever done for us? we do actually have a quantum phone and quantum machines at the hospital, Quantum Nuclear MRI machines, sometimes it’s nice to remember that, Schrodinger's Cat is the worst first thing to learn, “not a real experiment, does not prove anything, does not match physical reality, and was intentionally designed to be absurd”, it’s like learning about vision through only optical illusions, “but where’s the weird?”, making peace with your whale, as long as you support us we will live forever, no Ella, there’s nothing wrong with you, “debrief”, gossip can be positive! GODSIB MEANT GOD SIBLING, you wouldn’t bang your godbrother, Tom you don’t have kids, in the 12th century you could leave your kids to watch Dune 2 whenever you wanted, a gossip is someone you can tell anything to, gossips were backup for lecherous men, gossip was a neutral term for an essential supportive community, gossiping about witches gossiping “that’s gossip as well babe”, spoiler for most social issues it’s about class and power, scold’s bridle, “I love idle talk, I’m a witch”, coffee houses are just gossip houses, “oooh yeah, evolution and gossip, this is good stuff”, we wouldn’t be humans if we weren’t sociable and idle talking, gossiping is like primate grooming, animals would LOVE to gossip if they had language, I don’t care what you think as long as it’s about me, work stopping gossip seems neutral but isn’t, I’m not gossiping I’m receiving evaluative information about a colleague, it’s good the science doesn’t show bullying is cool actually, most gossip is neutral gossip, I wouldn’t compliment my boss - only in gossip, you think it’s not gossip cause it’s about Tom Brady?? It is!! it’s all preamble for review corner.Sources:Melville's Book on Quantum PhysicsDan Styer's Amazing Brief History of Quantum PhysicsDan Styer's Textbook "The Strange World of Quantum Mechanics"Futurama Quantum JokeChad Orzel on the Origin of Quantum PhysicsHelge Kragh's History of Planck as "The Reluctant Revolutionary"Heisenberg's Letter to Pauli (s/o to u/restricteddata)Gilbert Lewis' Naming of the PhotonChad Orzel "What Has Quantum Mechanics Ever Done For Us?"Old ComputersNobel Prize Committee on Bloch's WorkDr. Baird's Great Analysis of Schrodinger's Cat---Gossip and Resistance Among the Medieval PeasantryFrom the Whisper Network to #MeToo—Framing Gender, Gossip and Sexual HarassmentEnvy, Poison, and Death: Women on Trial in Classical Athens, Chapter 3.2The Psychological Anatomy of GossipTell Me the Gossip: The Self-Evaluative Function of Receiving Gossip About OthersBBC Worklife: The Surprising Benefits of GossipGossip in Evolutionary PerspectiveHow the “Gossip” Became a WomanGossip and Gender Differences: a Content Analysis ApproachBBC Worklife: Why Gossiping at Work is Good For You
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    1 hr and 52 mins
  • Go Fact Yourself MaxFunDrive Kick-off Spectacular featuring Ella Hubber, Tom Lum, Teresa McElroy, Ross Blocher, and Jordan Morris

    Go Fact Yourself MaxFunDrive Kick-off Spectacular featuring Ella Hubber, Tom Lum, Teresa McElroy, Ross Blocher, and Jordan Morris
    Mar 18 2024

    IT'S THE MAXFUNDRIVE!!! And we're kicking it off with a network-wide trivia competition with other MaxFun hosts!

    You can see all our upcoming events during the drive and become a member at www.LetsLearnEverything.com

    This special network wide event is a celebration of the MaxFunDrive! If you’d like to support podcasts you love for just $5 a month and get bonus gifts in the process, go to maximumfun.org/join.

    J. Keith van Straaten and Helen Hong from “Go Fact Yourself” are joined by:
    Teresa McElroy - “Shmanners”
    Ross Blocher - “Oh No, Ross and Carrie!”
    Ella Hubber & Tom Lum - “Let’s Learn Everything!”
    Jordan Morris - “Jordan, Jesse, Go!” and "Free With Ads"

    If you’d like to hear more hosts competing for trivia supremacy, visit Maximumfun.org for the full version of this show.
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    21 mins
  • 58: Kelly & Zach Weinersmith, Mars Ecology, and Space Communes

    58: Kelly & Zach Weinersmith, Mars Ecology, and Space Communes
    Mar 14 2024

    What would a man-made ecosystem look like on mars? Just how complicated could it possibly be? And are the human and societal issues just as complicated? Science communicators and authors Zach and Dr. Kelly Weinersmith ask and answer all of these questions and more!

    Check out:

    A City on Mars!
    The Weinersmith's article on Frontier Mythology and Space
    The Weinersmith's paper in the journal Space Policy on Space Communes
    BeaWolf
    Saturday Morning Breakfast Cereal

    Timestamps:
    (00:00:00) Intro
    (00:05:30) Marts Ecology
    (00:47:28) Space Communes
    (01:11:59) Outro

    Support us with a Max Fun Membership!

    Join our Discord!

    We also learn about: The superior Weinersmith, we almost have a Doctorate majority but not quite, having a PHD doesn’t make you smarter it just makes you poor and willing to suffer, back in my day Comic-Con was only 2 pence, we only just learned about high perchlorates on mars soil, all those images of glass habitats on mars would be SO DEAD, “this doesn’t sound appealing to me… to live under the dirt”, just rinse off all your dirt how hard could it be, the engineer brain thinking “if a problem is solvable then the problem is solved”, apologies to the rotating space colony community, space waste is a pain in the ass, cows aren’t efficient but BUGS are, Biosphere 1 is Earth, Lunar palace, there aren’t many experiments and we don’t really know how this all scales, if Sarah goes we’re fine and if I go I destroy the colony by BREATHING TOO MUCH, everything’s more complicated in space, Lungs help your facility PVNRT, humanity needs a plan B but “a backup that loses that much ground on human rights is not a backup i want!”, historiography of space: history of how we think about the history of space, being a wet blanket about frontier mythology - you are speaking to the right people, “there are beautiful dreams, but I feel like the beautiful dreams tend to crack when you look at them with a little more detail”, “cows are just a nonstarter in space”, goat cheese pizza was great for morale, finally we can stop poisoning ourselves with taro, vegans are great on mars, the only life threatening scorpion you can find the US makes it onto Noah’s ark, solar is great but not when there’s dust storms, we have dormant nuclear reactors in space, Simpson reactors, in conclusion: we’re not ready, it’s not as easy as making a terrarium, closed loop ecologies are not normal, who knows what happens 10 years in, “this is the problem with talking to Zach and I”, the superior Weinsersmith has subsumed the other in a violent coup, this isn’t a hypothetical: “there’s answers to these questions”, mars religion, you can’t take your barbies and go home on mars, literally no one wanted to do dish duty, SELL THEIR HOUSES TO WHO BEN FUCKING AQUAMAN, “being able to leave is HUGE for so many reasons”, “so Zach and I are both cowards”, speculating is good to imagine problems to avoid them which is maybe the least funny answer I’ve given, “you can’t jump back to roman law”, “I think the book is much better because of our conflicts”, going on research walks, we don’t have time for space law, “that’s not a common response Tom”

    Sources:
    A City on Mars!
    The Weinersmith's article on Frontier Mythology and Space
    The Weinersmith's paper in the journal Space Policy on Space Communes
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    1 hr and 16 mins
  • 57: Don't Lose Your Head! and Constructed Languages

    57: Don't Lose Your Head! and Constructed Languages
    Feb 29 2024
    Losing your head isn't good, but what actually happens, and what can it tell us about animals, ethics, and bad science? And what is a constructed language, when does it fail, and when can it be use to make great... art? As they say, Ni Lernu Ĉion!Content Warning that today's science topic can be a bit grim, so if you want, you can skip ahead to 54:54Things we Talk About:Mike The ChickenSea Slug MovingThe Narmer PaletteTimestamps:(00:00:00) Intro(00:02:36) Don't Lose Your Head!(00:54:55) Constructed Languages(01:36:55) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about:Pretty clear cut or chopped, did we need to write this down? why do you die when you lose your head? let’s start with a deep philosophical question: are we our brains? Tom clearly doesn’t know Mike the chicken, Mike was the original pitch for Charlotte’s Web, mooching some slugs, The Mystery of the Beheading of Elysia Marginata, capital punishment comes from beheadings, the guillotine could behead 20 people per hour, “the most gentle of lethal methods”, …do you guys not have the death penalty? ethics of rat euthanasia, Canavero’s bogus self published head transplants, like the language you’re speaking RIGHT NOW, Auxiliary Engineered and Artistic Languages, Tom falls into Ella’s Esperanto trap, Esperanto was banned and persecuted, the benefit of Esperanto is it has no culture, English is a language of exceptions, 1850 to 1920 people were going WILD constructing languages, none of us had heard of Volapük, “a language without umlauts sounds monotonous, harsh, and boring”, the language wars, a priest and an eye doctor trying to solve the tower of babel, Esperanto has “dipthongs - ugly!”, “rattling an hard bony R”, Artlang POP QUIZ, for Tolkeins the languages came first, english is a tapestry of languages and artlangs can convey that, the use of purposefully meaningless artlangs, soo soo! NOOT NOOT! boyhowdy! nonsense languages have universality, citing the pingu fan wiki, is penguinese more universal than esperanto??? Toki Pona, newspeak, “and that brings us strangely and sharply to the end of the topic”, appreciating real turtles and robot turtles.Sources:BBC: The Chicken That Lived For 18 Months Without a HeadBritannica: How Mike the Chicken Survived Without a HeadScientific America: Fact or Fiction?: A Cockroach Can Live without Its HeadNew York Times: Meet the Sea Slugs That Chop Off Their Heads and Grow New BodiesNewsWeek: Did Anne Boleyn Really Speak After She Was Beheaded? Here's the ScienceAmerican Historical Association: Narmer Palette2023 Paper: "The Most Gentle of Lethal Methods": The Question of Retained Consciousness Following Decapitation1975 Paper: EEG Evaluation of Humaneness of Asphyxia and Decapitation Euthanasia of the Laboratory Rat2013 Paper: Electroencephalographic Evaluation of Decapitation of the Anaesthetized Rat2011 Paper: Decapitation in Rats: Latency to Unconsciousness and the ‘Wave of Death’1991 Paper: Pain Perception in Decapitated Rat BrainNew Scientist: Head transplant carried out on monkey, claims maverick surgeon2019 Paper: First Human Head Transplantation: Surgically Challenging, Ethically Controversial and Historically TemptingThe Guardian: First Full Body Transplant is Two Years Away, Surgeon ClaimsThe Telegraph: First Head Transplant Successfully Carried Out on Monkey, Claims SurgeonVice: Head Transplant Surgeon Claims Human Brain Transplants Are 'Technically Feasible'2017 Paper: Surgical, eEthical, and Psychosocial Considerations in Human Head Transplantation---Constructed languages:Francois RabelaisInternational Auxiliary LanguagesEsperantoEsperanto 2: electric boogalooNative Esperanto SpeakersWhy Learn Esperanto:English language exceptionsCreating new words in EsperantoVolapükTrüth, Beaüty, and VolapükQuenyaQuenya CourseKlingon Language InstituteTGIF in SimlishHow Simlish was CreatedPenguinesePenguinese exampleAnimaleseAnimalese examplePolygon on AnimaleseToki Pona:Sapir–Whorf hypothesisExperimental languagesNewspeakNewspeak Dictionary
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    1 hr and 40 mins