This episode is back as a replay because the conversation is still incredibly relevant—and the questions around PECS and AAC haven't gone away.

In this episode, we take a thoughtful, nuanced look at the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) and its role in supporting autistic communication. While PECS has been widely used for decades, growing research, lived experience, and neurodiversity-affirming practice are prompting professionals to ask deeper questions about autonomy, flexibility, and what true communication really looks like.

I'm joined by speech-language pathologists Paulina Elias and Dr. Amanda Blackwell from Natural Communication for a powerful discussion about how PECS originated, what it does well, and where it can fall short—especially when communication is limited to requesting or tightly controlled exchanges.

We explore why many clinicians are shifting toward multimodal, child-led AAC approaches that support regulation, self-expression, and authentic connection. You'll hear us unpack topics like honoring a child's right to say "no," moving away from hand-over-hand prompting, and choosing communication tools that grow alongside a child rather than restricting them.

Whether you're a parent, educator, or therapist, this replay episode offers updated perspectives that may challenge old assumptions—and help you feel more confident in supporting communication that is respectful, functional, and truly empowering.

🎥 Watch on YouTube: https://youtu.be/Tu4rKeAM0dc

📖 Read the blog here: https://autismlittlelearners.com/pecs-autism/

• PECS was developed in the 1980s as a structured system rooted in behavior-based principles and primarily supports requesting.

• Communication is more than asking for wants—autistic children deserve access to tools that support commenting, protesting, refusing, and expressing feelings.

• Rigid communication systems can unintentionally limit autonomy and authentic self-expression.

• Hand-over-hand prompting raises concerns about consent and agency; hand-under-hand support allows for greater learner control.

• AAC should be multimodal, flexible, and adaptable to a child's evolving communication needs.

• Children must have the freedom to say "no" and communicate disagreement in order for communication to be meaningful.

• Relationship, trust, and emotional safety are foundational to successful communication development.

• Communication tools should grow with the child rather than requiring a complete "switch" later on.

• Neurodiversity-affirming AAC honors individuality, regulation needs, and multiple communication styles.

• Family insight and lived experience are critical pieces of evidence-based practice.

• Access to AAC resources in multiple languages increases equity and meaningful participation for families.

• The field is moving away from rigid systems toward child-led, respectful, and empowering communication supports—and that shift matters.

You may also be interested in these supports:

1. Visual Support Starter Set

2. Visual Supports Facebook Group

3. Autism Little Learners on Instagram

4. Autism Little Learners on Facebook

This episode is back by popular demand—and for good reason. One of the most requested and talked-about conversations on The Autism Little Learners Podcast, this replay dives into Pathological Demand Avoidance (PDA) with licensed psychologist Dr. Taylor Day.

In this episode, we explore PDA as a profile within autism, with a strong focus on nervous system differences, autonomy, and the fight-or-flight response. Dr. Tay shares why traditional behavior-based approaches often miss the mark for children with PDA and offers compassionate, practical insights for parents and educators who want to support children in ways that truly work.

If you're navigating intense demand avoidance, burnout, or power struggles—or supporting a child who needs a more flexible, relationship-based approach—this conversation is a must-listen (or re-listen).

🎥 Watch on YouTube: https://youtu.be/htWAXEnkyzE?si=s9tYLCnIbdt4LDOy

📖 Read the blog here: https://autismlittlelearners.com/pathological-demand-avoidance/

Links:

Dr. Tay's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/the.dr.tay/

Dr. Tay's Website: https://drtaylorday.com

Evolve Podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/evolve-with-dr-tay-the-podcast-for-parents-of-autistic-kids/id1659784037

Takeaways

• PDA is not a formal diagnosis, but a commonly discussed profile within autism that centers on nervous system differences.

• A child's behavior often reflects a stress response, not intentional defiance.

• For children with PDA, autonomy is a need, not a preference.

• Traditional compliance-based parenting and teaching approaches often escalate challenges rather than reduce them.

• Understanding fight, flight, freeze, and fawn responses helps adults respond with compassion instead of control.

• Reducing demands can be supportive when paired with strong relationships and thoughtful boundaries.

• Collaboration between parents, educators, and providers leads to more consistent and effective support.

• Seeing the human behind the behavior shifts how we problem-solve and connect.

• Teaching autonomy, flexibility, and regulation skills supports long-term well-being.

• Offering meaningful choices can increase engagement and reduce stress.

• Prioritizing mastery and understanding over repetition helps children feel safe and successful.

• Parents are experts on their children and their insights matter.

• Educational systems work best when they adapt to children—not the other way around.

• Connection, trust, and felt safety are foundational for learning and growth.

You may also be interested in these supports:

1. Visual Support Starter Set

2. Visual Supports Facebook Group

3. Autism Little Learners on Instagram

4. Autism Little Learners on Facebook

Have you ever wondered how to talk to children about autism in a way that feels natural, positive, and empowering? In this replay episode, I'm bringing back my incredibly insightful conversation with Andi Putt (Mrs. Speechie P) — an Autistic SLP who specializes in autism evaluations and neuro-affirming support.

Andi shares compassionate, practical ways to talk to autistic children about their identity, how to approach conversations with peers and siblings, and why starting these discussions early can make a profound impact on a child's confidence, self-understanding, and mental health. We also dive into how to use everyday moments to normalize autism, reduce stigma, and help all children grow in empathy and acceptance.

This is one of those episodes that educators and families continuously return to… and for good reason.

Takeaways

• Why conversations about autism should start early — and continue over time

• How explaining autism positively can support a child's self-concept and emotional well-being

• Simple, child-friendly ways to describe autism using strengths-based language

• Strategies for helping peers understand behaviors through empathy (including Andi's amazing "bear in the classroom" analogy)

• How open discussions reduce stigma, prevent bullying, and foster more inclusive classrooms

• Why kids are often more accepting and adaptable than adults assume

• How to avoid common mistakes adults make when talking about autism — and what to say instead

• The power of validating children's needs, identities, and differences without shame

• The importance of individualized support and asking children what they prefer or need

• How to talk about stimming, sensory overload, fight-or-flight responses, and regulation in ways young kids can understand

• Tips for sharing information with classmates (and when parent/child permission is needed)

Bio:

Andi Putt, also known as Mrs. Speechie P, is an Autistic Speech Language Pathologist specializing in team-based Autism evaluations and neuro-affirming support. She is dedicated to empowering families and helping Autistic children understand and embrace their authentic selves while also advocating for each individual's unique needs. When she's not advocating for others, you can find her indulging in a good book, planning her next travel adventure, procrastinating literally anything, or enjoying time with her family.

Links:

Andi's website: https://www.mrsspeechiep.com/

Andi's resources for talking to children about autism: https://www.mrsspeechiep.com/shop-all

Andi's IG account (@mrsspeechiep): https://www.instagram.com/mrsspeechiep/?hl=en

Watch the YouTube version of this podcast episode here: https://youtu.be/8YA5QELKAnc?si=CcMulQitmKXs-Yfi

You may also be interested in these supports:

1. Visual Support Starter Set

2. Visual Supports Facebook Group

3. Autism Little Learners on Instagram

4. Autism Little Learners on Facebook

In today's episode of The Autism Little Learners Podcast, I'm diving into one of the most meaningful parts of working with autistic preschoolers: connection. When we lead with compassion, honor sensory needs, and truly celebrate each child's unique way of being, we create the emotional safety that helps them learn, communicate, and thrive.

I'm sharing why stepping out of "teacher mode," validating autistic play, and tapping into deep interests are essential for forming authentic relationships. If you're ready for simple, practical strategies that build trust, reduce overwhelm, and create joyful, neuroaffirming classrooms and homes, this episode is for you.

• Building authentic connection creates a sense of emotional safety for autistic children.

• Sensory and regulation needs must be supported before meaningful connection can occur.

• A calm, steady adult presence helps children co-regulate and learn what regulation feels like.

• Stepping out of "teacher mode" makes connection more natural and less overwhelming.

• Autistic play is meaningful, valid, and should be honored rather than redirected.

• Deep interests are powerful bridges for building trust, engagement, and communication.

• Leading with compassion instead of compliance helps children feel seen, respected, and safe.

• Joyful, neuroaffirming environments increase engagement and support learning.

• Presuming competence communicates respect for all forms of communication and autonomy.

• Prioritizing connection has long-term positive effects on confidence, engagement, and overall development.

• Episode 90: Autism & Play Culture with Dr. Pamela Wolfberg: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-autism-little-learners-podcast/id1665404820?i=1000671411034

• Blog: Strength-Based Approach For Teaching Autistic Children: https://autismlittlelearners.com/strength-based-approach/

• Barry Prizant's book (Uniquely Human): https://amzn.to/3MjnpgF

You may also be interested in these supports:

• Visual Support Starter Set

• Visual Supports Facebook Group

• Autism Little Learners on Instagram

• Autism Little Learners on Facebook

Welcome back to the Autism Little Learners Podcast! Today, we're talking about something that often gets overlooked when we think about AAC and autism—teaching and honoring protests.

So often, AAC is used mostly for requesting items. But communication is about so much more. Autistic children need to know how to use their AAC systems for autism to say no, stop, don't like, all done, or help.

In this episode, I'll share why honoring protest is essential, what the difference is between acknowledging and honoring protests, and how modeling protest words on AAC for autistic kids builds trust, reduces frustration, and empowers children with self-advocacy.

I'll also walk you through the 8 Steps to Honor Protests—a simple framework you can start using right away in your classroom, therapy sessions, or at home.

So let's dive in and discover why protest isn't just communication—it's empowerment.

Takeaways:

AAC and autism go hand in hand—AAC should be used for more than requesting; it's for all communication.

Protest is valid communication, not misbehavior.

Honoring protests means changing, pausing, or stopping an activity when possible.

Acknowledging protests means validating and empathizing, even if you can't change what's happening.

AAC systems for autism should always include words for no, stop, don't like, all done, and different.

Modeling protest words daily helps children learn how to set boundaries and self-advocate.

Honoring protests builds trust and prevents escalation into meltdowns or shutdowns.

Following the 8 Steps to Honor Protests shifts teams and families from compliance to connection.

Link:

8 Steps To Honoring Protests Freebie: https://autismlittlelearners.myflodesk.com/ofzbilarwd

• Visual Support Starter Set (Free Download): www.autismlittlelearners.com/visuals

• Visual Supports Facebook Group

• Autism Little Learners on Instagram

• Autism Little Learners on Facebook

Transitions happen all day long—moving from playtime to circle time, heading to lunch, or wrapping up to go home. For many autistic children, these changes can feel overwhelming, confusing, or even distressing. But with the right understanding and tools, we can make transitions smoother and more predictable.

In this episode, I'm diving into why transitions can be hard for autistic kids and sharing practical, compassionate strategies to support them. You'll learn how to ease anxiety, build predictability, and create routines that work for both you and your students or child.

Whether you're an educator, therapist, or parent, this episode will help you see transitions through an autistic lens—and give you ideas you can use right away to make them more successful.

Takeaways:

• Predictable routines help autistic children feel safe and secure.

• Transitions can cause anxiety due to uncertainty or sensory overwhelm.

• Executive functioning differences make shifting attention harder.

• Emotional attachments to activities can make ending them distressing.

• Monotropism explains deep focus—and how it can be both a challenge and a strength.

• Visual schedules and countdown tools (like a star chart or all-done bucket) create structure and comfort.

• Empathy, validation, and preparation go a long way.

• Video modeling can make transitions more concrete and successful.

• Free Video Modeling Guide

• Blog Post: How To Use Video Modeling

• Related Podcast Episode #15

• More on Monotropism
  
  

• Visual Support Starter Set (Free Download): www.autismlittlelearners.com/visuals

• Visual Supports Facebook Group

• Autism Little Learners on Instagram

• Autism Little Learners on Facebook

In this special episode of The Autism Little Learners Podcast, I'm celebrating 10 years of Sesame Workshop's Autism Initiative and the creation of the beloved character, Julia! I had the absolute joy of sitting down with Kama Einhorn and Dr. Abigail Bucuvalas from Sesame Workshop to talk about the incredible impact of authentic representation, inclusion, and collaboration with the autism community.

We dive into how Julia was created to truly reflect the experiences of autistic children and families, the thoughtful research that goes into every Sesame Workshop project, and the global reach of their work. You'll also hear about puppeteer Stacey Gordon—whose personal connection to autism brings such authenticity to Julia's voice—and some exciting new projects on the horizon that continue to celebrate acceptance, understanding, and belonging for all children.

• Sesame Workshop's Autism Initiative has been making an impact for a decade.

• Julia was created to reflect the experiences of autistic children and promote understanding.

• Collaboration with autistic individuals, families, and experts is central to Sesame Workshop's process.

• Representation in media helps normalize conversations about autism and inclusion.

• Puppeteer Stacey Gordon brings personal insight and authenticity to Julia's character.

• Every piece of content is research-based and tested before release.

• The team continually evolves to ensure portrayals of autism are authentic and neurodiversity-affirming.

• Julia's story continues to grow — showing her friendships, family life, and even her communication with an AAC device.

• Free, bilingual resources are available for families at SesameWorkshop.org/Autism.

• The Autism Initiative has had a global impact, expanding to shows like Sisimpur in Bangladesh.

Before we jump in, I'd love to tell you a bit more about today's guests, Kama and Abby.

Kama Einhorn
As Senior Director of Content Design for Sesame Workshop's Global Education group, Kama Einhorn develops multimedia resources for children, parents, and providers. Before joining the Workshop in 2004, she wrote and edited early childhood teaching resources for Scholastic. Kama holds a master's degree in education from the University of California at Berkeley.

Dr. Abigail Bucuvalas
Dr. Abigail Bucuvalas is the Senior Director of Curriculum and Programs in the Global Education Department at Sesame Workshop. In this role, she leads the processes for curriculum development and program design, collaborates on monitoring and evaluation, and develops new project concepts within the areas of nature, health, and social norms and inclusion. Previously, she led education activities for LEGO Foundation-funded work in development and crisis-affected settings, managed educational content and partnerships for the Nigerian co-production of Sesame Street, and directed a professional development project for teachers in Ghana. Before joining Sesame Workshop, Abigail collaborated on health research in the U.S. and abroad, funded by the American Cancer Society and the National Institutes of Health. She holds an Ed.D. in Health Education and an Ed.M. in International Educational Development from Teachers College, Columbia University, and an A.B. in Psychology from Harvard University.

Explore all of Sesame Workshop's autism resources and celebrate Julia's 10th anniversary at www.sesameworkshop.org/autism.

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