The Synthesis of Wellness

By: Chloe Porter
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  • Summary

  • Your host and biohacker, Chloe Porter, has a background in engineering, innovation, and research. Her analytical background coupled with her journey in overcoming a brain tumor and defeating several chronic illnesses enables her to approach health and wellness in an innovative way, and now more than ever, she is ready to share her biohacking secrets and expose cutting-edge research.
    Chloe Porter
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Alternative & Complementary Medicine Hygiene & Healthy Living
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Episodes
  • 165. Hydrogen Sulfide Dominant Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth & Gastrointestinal Motility | Contributing Factors, Symptoms, and More

    165. Hydrogen Sulfide Dominant Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth & Gastrointestinal Motility | Contributing Factors, Symptoms, and More
    Feb 14 2025
    In this episode, we go through the pathophysiology of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S)-dominant small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), focusing on its role in intestinal motility disruption, microbial dysbiosis, and epithelial barrier dysfunction. We detail the interplay between the enteric nervous system (ENS), interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), and migrating motor complex (MMC) in regulating small intestinal transit and how excess H₂S modulates smooth muscle activity, inflammatory signaling, and gastrointestinal transit time. Lastly, we detail symptoms and related SIBO subtypes.Topics:1. Introduction to Hydrogen Sulfide Dominant SIBO - Overview of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) SIBO - Sulfate as an electron acceptor - H₂S production, sulfur-containing amino acids - Physiological roles of H₂S vs. in excess 2. Hydrogen Sulfide and Gastrointestinal Motility - Impact on transit time - Association with IBS-like symptoms, diarrhea 3. Intestinal Motility and Regulation - Role of the ENS, ICCs, smooth muscle cells, and neurotransmitters in motility 4. The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) and Gut Motility - ENS as the "second brain" and its control over digestion - Myenteric and submucosal plexuses: regulation of peristalsis, secretion, blood flow - Gut-brain axis involvement via vagus nerve signaling - ICCs as pacemaker cells generating slow-wave electrical activity - MMC’s role in clearing debris and bacteria 5. Dysregulated Motility and SIBO Development 6. Overlapping Symptoms Across SIBO Subtypes - Shared symptoms - Hydrogen and H₂S-dominant SIBO vs. IMO 7. Gastric Acid and Its Role - HCl secretion by parietal cells and its role in digestion and microbial defense - Hypochlorhydria and bacterial overgrowth 8. Conclusion - Root cause approach.Thank you to our episode sponsors:1. Check out ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Ulyana Organics'⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Tallow Wild Yam Cream⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Healing Facial Oil⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, and use code ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠CHLOE10⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ 10% off your order.2. Shop the Scalp Cleanser and Scalp Essence from T Stem Care. Get Chloe's Book Today! "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠
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    18 mins
  • 164. Intestinal Dysbiosis and The Roles of Gastrointestinal Mucus and Secretory Immunoglobulin A | High and Low Levels of SIgA, and More

    164. Intestinal Dysbiosis and The Roles of Gastrointestinal Mucus and Secretory Immunoglobulin A | High and Low Levels of SIgA, and More
    Feb 7 2025
    In this episode, we discuss the relationship between the intestinal mucus layer and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), highlighting both as key components of the gut's first line of defense against pathogens, toxins, and environmental stressors. We detail how dysbiosis and microbial overgrowths can impact sIgA levels and can disrupt mucus integrity and function, contributing to increased intestinal permeability and inflammation. We then examine several additional factors influencing sIgA production. Topics: 1. Introduction: Importance of Secretory IgA and Intestinal Mucus - Intestinal epithelial lining and its protective mucus layer - Focus on intestinal dysbiosis and sIgA 2. Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Lining - Intestinal lumen, microbiome, mucus layer, epithelial cells, tight junctions, lamina propria, and smooth muscle - Role of goblet cells in mucus secretion and epithelial integrity 3. Role of the Protective Mucus Layer - Dual function of the mucus layer as a physical and biochemical barrier - Composition of mucus: mucins, antimicrobial peptides, immunoglobulins 4. Goblet Cells and Mucin Production - Mechanisms of mucin secretion and hydration - Variability in goblet cell density across the intestinal tract - Dysfunctions linked to conditions like IBD and IBS 5. Microbial Interactions with Mucins - Glycan structures in mucins - Roles of commensal and pathogenic bacteria in mucin degradation and mucus turnover - Importance of regulated mucus production for gut homeostasis 6. Dysbiosis and Mucus Degradation - Excessive mucin degradation leading to thinning of the mucus layer - Consequences of increased intestinal permeability and inflammation - Role of dysbiosis in disrupting the mucus layer 7. Overview of Secretory IgA - Introduction to secretory IgA (sIgA) and its role in mucosal immunity - Mechanisms of immune exclusion and pathogen neutralization 8. Production and Function of Secretory IgA - sIgA production by plasma cells in the lamina propria - Translocation of IgA through epithelial cells into the gut lumen - sIgA binding to mucins and its immunological role in the mucus layer 9. Factors Affecting Secretory IgA Levels - Possible contributing factors to low sIgA levels - Implications of low and high sIgA levels for immune defense and intestinal health 10. Interactions Between Secretory IgA and Dysbiosis - Cyclical relationship between low sIgA, dysbiosis, and infections - Examples of overgrowths, like candida, disrupting sIgA - Importance of addressing immune dysregulation to break the cycle 11. Bioindividual Root Cause Approach - Factors to consider Thank you to our episode sponsors: 1. Shop ⁠⁠Fresh Press Farms⁠⁠' Peach Cider Vinegar at Sprouts locations nationwide, and check out their full collection ⁠⁠here⁠⁠. 2. Check out ⁠Spectrum Sciences⁠' Serums and The Vitamin B12 Protocol ⁠here⁠, and use code CHLOE15 for 15% off. Get Chloe's Book Today! "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠
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    17 mins
  • 163. The Gut-Immune Axis & Mycobiome | Intestinal Fungal Overgrowth, The Importance of Secretory Immunoglobulin A, and More

    163. The Gut-Immune Axis & Mycobiome | Intestinal Fungal Overgrowth, The Importance of Secretory Immunoglobulin A, and More
    Jan 31 2025
    In this episode, we go through the gut-immune axis and mycobiome, focusing on the mechanisms underlying intestinal fungal overgrowth. We highlight the roles of the intestinal mucus layer, intestinal epithelial cells, lamina propria, and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in maintaining homeostasis and defending against fungal overgrowth. We also detail the pathogenic transition of Candida from its commensal yeast form to an invasive hyphal state, as well as the resulting disruptions to immune function. Topics 1. Introduction to the Gut-Immune Axis and Mycobiome - The gut-immune axis and mycobiome. - Exploring intestinal fungal overgrowth. 2. Overview of the Gastrointestinal Lining - Anatomy of the intestinal lining: lumen and microbiome, mucus layer, epithelial monolayer, and lamina propria. - The dual role of the mucus layer: physical and biochemical barrier. - Composition of mucus. 3. Goblet Cells and Mucus Production - Goblet cells as critical producers of mucin glycoproteins and their role in mucus barrier integrity. - Signals for mucin release, such as mechanical stress. 4. The Lamina Propria and Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT) - Layers beneath the epithelium - Peyer’s patches, mesenteric lymph nodes, isolated lymphoid follicles, and intraepithelial lymphocytes. - Immune tolerance and defense against pathogens. 5. Peyer’s Patches - Positioning of Peyer’s patches. - The transition of microbial density from the small intestine to the colon and its immune implications. 6. Immune Cells in the Lamina Propria - Overview of macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, plasma cells, and lymphocytes. - Their role in maintaining immunological equilibrium in the gut. 7. The Mycobiome and Pathogenic Transition of Candida - Candida’s transition from yeast to hyphal form. - Regulation of Candida by microbial competition and immune surveillance. - Factors promoting pathogenicity: immune suppression, lacking beneficial microbes, more. 8. Virulence Factors of Candida - Secretion of hydrolytic enzymes such as SAPs and phospholipases. - Degradation of sIgA and its consequences for immune evasion. - Adhesins that facilitate fungal binding. 9. Intestinal Barrier Disruption by Candida - Penetration of the mucus layer and epithelial barrier by Candida hyphae. - Disruption of tight junctions and the resulting increased intestinal permeability. - Inflammatory cascade triggered by fungal antigens and microbial toxins entering the lamina propria. 10. Biofilm Formation - The role of biofilms in shielding fungal cells from immune attack and antifungal treatments. 11. Small Intestinal Fungal Overgrowth (SIFO) - Intestinal dysmotility, low stomach acid, immunocompromise. - Possible symptoms of SIFO. - Discussion of the overlap between SIFO, SIBO, histamine intolerance, and other gastrointestinal conditions. - Root cause. Thank you to our episode sponsors: 1. Shop ⁠Fresh Press Farms⁠' Peach Cider Vinegar at Sprouts locations nationwide, and check out their full collection ⁠here⁠. 2. Check out ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Ulyana Organics'⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Tallow Wild Yam Cream⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Healing Facial Oil⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, and use code ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠CHLOE10⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ 10% off your order. 3. Check out Spectrum Sciences' Serums and The Vitamin B12 Protocol here, and use code CHLOE15 for 15% off. Get Chloe's Book Today! "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠
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    19 mins

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