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Healio Rheuminations

By: Adam J. Brown MD
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  • Summary

  • Rheumatology is an incredibly fast-moving and exciting field of medicine that can be difficult to keep up with. This Healio podcast provides busy clinicians with quick updates in the field of autoimmunity, with emphasis on new medications, treatment guidelines and explorations into the pathophysiology of diseases. The show will also feature historical perspectives in the field of rheumatology, as well as fascinating case presentations of medical mysteries complete with discussions from experts in the field.
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Episodes
  • NSAIDs, Part 2: The Dawn of the Anti-Inflammatories

    NSAIDs, Part 2: The Dawn of the Anti-Inflammatories
    Jun 26 2024
    In this episode, we dive into the story of aspirin and the development of ibuprofen, ending with the experiments that showed the mechanism of how aspirin actually works. Intro 0:12Review of part 1 0:28In this episode 1:04Blocking prostaglandins and willow leaves 2:26Edward Stone 3:45Johann Andreas Buchner 4:16The chemical structure of salicylic acid and creating the synthetic compound 4:44Dr. TJ MacLagan: The first trial in 1876 and treating acute rheumatism 5:16Felix Hoffmann: manipulating salicylic acid and aspirin 8:47How widespread was the use of aspirin for rheumatoid arthritis? 12:041938: problems with aspirin and endoscopies 14:581950s: long-term use of aspirin and chronic renal impairment 17:12Dr. Lawrence Craven: the use of aspirin to treat myocardial infarction 18:13Overview of what we’ve learned so far 20:48Stewart Adams: the development of ibuprofen 21:40A paper lost to time 23:29How do you test if a drug is anti-inflammatory? 25:25How do you make better aspirin? 26:551960: a trial comparing ibuprofen, baby aspirin and prednisone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis 30:03Aspirin, ibuprofen and other NSAIDs 32:49Nobel Prize winner Dr. John Vane 33:40Dr. Vane: what triggered prostaglandin production? 35:42Another guinea pig experiment 37:37Nobel Prize winner Dr. Bengt Samuelsson 39:00Interesting tidbits: early studies looking at the side effects of NSAIDs 40:011968: gastric ulcer formation and prostaglandins in rats 40:251973: renal blood flow and prostaglandins in dogs 41:531974: aspirin vs ibuprofen vs indomethacin for the heart 44:03Aspirin vs ibuprofen vs indomethacin 44:20On the next episode 46:09Thanks for listening 46:37 We’d love to hear from you! Send your comments/questions to Dr. Brown at rheuminationspodcast@healio.com. Follow us on Twitter @HRheuminations @AdamJBrownMD @HealioRheum. References: Adams SS. Inflammopharmacology. 1999;doi:10.1007/s10787-999-0002-3. https://www.aspirin-foundation.com/history/the-aspirin-story/. Buchanan WW, et al. J Rheumatol. 2002;29(6):1321-3. Cryer B, et al. Gastroenterology. 1999;doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(99)70545-7. Desborough MJR, et al. Br J Haematol. 2017;doi:10.1111/bjh.14520. Halford GM, et al. Platelets. 2012;doi:10.3109/09537104.2011.632032. Harris SC, Fosdick LS. Theoretical considerations of the mechanisms of antipyretic analgesia. NWU Bull. 1952;53: 6–9. Jasani MK, et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 1968;doi:10.1136/ard.27.5.457. Robert A, et al. Gastroenterology. 1968;55(4):481-7. Disclosures: Brown reports no relevant financial disclosures.
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    47 mins
  • The Discovery of Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), Part 1

    The Discovery of Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), Part 1
    May 16 2024

    Humans have had an insatiable appetite for inhibiting production of prostaglandins for centuries! This series delves into the history of aspirin and NSAIDs, looking at the understanding of the prostaglandin pathway.

    · Intro 0:12

    · In this episode 0:23

    · What are NSAIDs? 0:53

    · Prostaglandins 5:50

    · What are prostaglandins? 7:19

    · Where do prostaglandins come from? 8:45

    · So, what do we do with prostaglandins? 13:15

    · How did they figure out prostaglandins? 13:55

    · Naming the prostaglandin 21:25

    · Phospholipids 24:46

    · Arachidonic acid 25:28

    · Arachidonic acid into prostaglandins: how do you prove it? 26:32

    · How does arachidonic acid turn into prostaglandins? 27:27

    · Cyclo-oxygenase 28:36

    · mRNA and COX-2 32:50

    · On the next episode 35:55

    · Summary 36:38

    · Thanks for listening 37:49

    Disclosures: Brown reports no relevant financial disclosures.

    We’d love to hear from you! Send your comments/questions to Dr. Brown at rheuminationspodcast@healio.com. Follow us on Twitter @HRheuminations @AdamJBrownMD @HealioRheum.

    References:

    Botting RM. Pharmacol Rep. 2010;doi:10.1016/s1734-1140(10)70308-x.

    Flower RJ. Br J Pharmacol. 2006;doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706506.

    Flower RJ. Br J Pharmacol. 2019;doi:10.1111/bph.14588.

    Kurzrok R, et al. Exp Biol Med. 1930;doi:10.3181/00379727-28-5265.

    https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1970/euler/biographical/.

    von Euler US. J Physiol. 1936;doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1936.sp003433.
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    38 mins
  • Urticarial Vasculitis, Part 2: Walking the Balance Beam of Allergy and Rheumatology

    Urticarial Vasculitis, Part 2: Walking the Balance Beam of Allergy and Rheumatology
    Apr 18 2024

    This episode digs into the pathophysiology of urticaria vasculitis from anti-C1q to the story of bradykinin.

    · Intro 0:11

    · In this episode 0:22

    · Review of episode 83 1:23

    · Listen to previous episode, The Complement System for Dunces 4:09

    · Anti-C1q antibodies 6:26

    · Lupus, anti-C1q and lupus nephritis 9:33

    · What happens when you inject anti-C1q in a mouse? 12:56

    · The allergy component: anti-C1q, urticaria and angioedema 17:36

    · Bradykinin-mediated angioedema and C1q deficiency 24:20

    · What is the kinin kallikrein system? 26:21

    · French researchers in 1909: human urine injected in dogs 27:30

    · How is this relevant to urticarial vasculitis? 31:08

    · SERPING1 gene mutation 31:23

    · Summary 32:06

    · COPD association with urticarial vasculitis 33:51

    · Coming up in episode 85 35:28

    · Thanks for listening 35:45

    Disclosures: Brown reports no relevant financial disclosures.

    We’d love to hear from you! Send your comments/questions to Dr. Brown at rheuminationspodcast@healio.com. Follow us on Twitter @HRheuminations @AdamJBrownMD @HealioRheum.

    References:

    Busse P, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022;doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2021.11.011.

    Davis MDP, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018;doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2018.05.006.

    Dorn JM, et al. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2023;doi:10.1016/j.anai.2023.06.014.

    Marzano AV, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022;doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2022.02.007.

    Siegert CE, et al. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1993;doi:10.1006/clin.1993.1066.

    Stojan G, et al. Lupus. 2016;doi:10.1177/0961203316645205.

    Venzor J, et al. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2002;doi:10.1385/CRIAI:23:2:201.

    Wisnieski JJ, et al. Medicine. 1995;doi:10.1097/00005792-199501000-00003.
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    36 mins
Physical Illness & Disease Hygiene & Healthy Living Biological Sciences
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